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Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Stoichiometry, Mole Concept & Volumetric Analysis
The following are s-block elements except
A
lithium
B
magnesium
C
potassium
D
calcium
E
aluminium
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option E.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36081)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Metals, Transition Elements & Extraction
Which of the following statements is not true of tin? it
A
is a p-block element
B
is extracted from cassiterite SnO 2
C
is used for protecting iron containers from corrosion
D
combines with copper to form the alloy brass
E
shows two oxidation states, + 2 and + 4 in most of its compounds
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36082)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Periodic Table & Periodicity
The electronic configuration of two atoms X and Y are as follows: X - 1s 2 2s 22p 63s 1, Y -1s 22s 22p 63s23p 64s 2 which of the statements below is true of the position of X and Y in the Periodic Table?
A
x belongs to group 1, Y belongs to period 2,
B
x belongs to group 1, Y belongs to period 4
C
x belongs to group 2, Y belongs to period 1
D
x belongs to group 3, Y belongs to period 2
E
x belongs to group 3, Y belongs to period 4
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36084)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Chemical Energetics & Thermochemistry
Which of the following is a condition for a spontaneous reaction?
A
∆H -T is zero
B
∆H-T∆ S is positive
C
∆H-T∆ S is negative
D
∆S is zero
E
∆S is positive
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36085)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Stoichiometry, Mole Concept & Volumetric Analysis
Solution
50cm\(^3\) of a saturated solution of potassium trioxonitrate (V)at 40^\circC contains 5.05g of the salt. What is the solubility of potassium trioxonitrate (V) at 40^\circC? (KNO\(_3\) = 101)
A
1.0 mol dm-3
B
1.5 mol dm-3
C
2.0 mol dm-3
D
2.5mol dm-3
E
5.0mol dm-3
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Given:
Mass of salt = 5.05g
Molar mass of salt = 101
Volume of solvent = 50 cm\(^3\)
Solubility = \(\frac{mass}{Molar mass}\) X \(\frac{1000}{Volume of solvent}\)
= \(\frac{5.05}{101}\) X \(\frac{1000}{50}\)
= 1.0 moldm\(^{-3}\) - option A
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36086)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Oxidation, Reduction & Redox Reactions
The oxidation number of chlorine is + 1 in
A
KCIO 3
B
CI 2O 7
C
ZnCI2
D
HCI
E
NaCIO
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option E.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36087)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Oxidation, Reduction & Redox Reactions
Solution
What is the voltage of the cell represented at Zn(s)/ Zn\(^{2+}\)(aq) //Cu\(^{2+}\)(aq) /Cu(s) given that for Cu\(^{2+}\)(aq)/ Cu (s) E\(^0\) = 0.337V and for Zn\(^{2+}\)(aq) /Zn(s)' E\(^0\) = - 0.763V?
A
+0.426V
B
-0.426V
C
-0.337V
D
-1.10V
E
+1.10V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
To calculate the voltage of a cell with Zn and Cu, you use the standard cell potential formula: E^\circcell = E^\circcathode - E^\circanode.
Identifying the Half-Reactions:
Oxidation: Zn(s) → Zn\(^{2+}\)(aq) + 2e- (Anode)
Reduction: Cu\(^{2+}\)(aq) + 2e- → Cu(s) (Cathode)
Standard Reduction Potentials:
Cu\(^{2+}\)(aq) + 2e- → Cu(s): E^\circ = +0.337 V
Zn\(^{2+}\)(aq) + 2e- → Zn(s): E^\circ = -0.763 V
Calculating the Standard Cell Potential (E^\circcell):
E^\circcell = E^\circcathode - E^\circanode
E^\circcell = (+0.337 V) - (-0.763 V)
E^\circcell = + 1.10 V
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36088)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 1989
Chemical Energetics & Thermochemistry
Solution
CO(g) + H\(_2\)O(g) \(\to\) \(CO_{2g}\) + H\(_2\)(g) \(\Delta\)H = - 4100J. Which of the following factors favour the formation of hydrogen in the above reaction? i. high pressure. ii. low pressure iii. high-temperature iv. use of excess steam
A
i, iii and iv
B
iii only
C
ii, iii and i
D
iv only
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
i, ii will have no effect because the number of mole of reactants(volume) is equal to the number of mole of the product(volume) and iii will also have no effect since the forward reaction which favours the production of hydrogen is exothermic, therefore, the production of hydrogen will be favored by iv only.
Source: Official Exam / Past Question Archive
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Stoichiometry, Mole Concept & Volumetric Analysis
Solution
(a) A mixture consist of sodium chloride, ammonium chloride and lead (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI). Describe how you would obtain each component in a pure state.
(b) You are required to determine the concentration of a solution of tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid by titrating it against sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) solution of known concentration.
(i) Name the indicator you would use
(ii) List two precautions you would take to ensure accurate readins
(iii) State the colour of the sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) solution after adding the named indicator and then at the end point.
A
+0.426V
B
-0.426V
C
-0.337V
D
-1.10V
E
+1.10V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
(a) Heat the mixture. Ammonium chloride is sublime and collected in the cold upper part of the test-tube. The resulting solid is cooled and stirred with water to dissolve sodium chloride. Filter, wash, and dry the residue to obtain lead (lI) tetraoxosulphate (VI). Evaporate the filtrate to dryness to obtain sodium chloride crystals.
(b)(i) Methyl orange (or phenolphthalein)
(ii) Any two of the following;
- Ensure that there are no air bubbles in the burette
- Read off burette at eye level
- Ensure that burette is not leaking
- Rinse the conical flask with distilled water
- Take three concordant readings.
(ii) with methyl orange: yellow \(\to\) pink/orange with phenolphthalein: pink \(\to\) colourness.
Source: Official Exam / Past Question Archive
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 1989
Chemical Energetics & Thermochemistry
Solution
CO(g) + H\(_2\)O(g) \(\to\) \(CO_{2g}\) + H\(_2\)(g) \(\Delta\)H = - 4100J. Which of the following factors favour the formation of hydrogen in the above reaction? i. high pressure. ii. low pressure iii. high-temperature iv. use of excess steam
A
i, iii and iv
B
iii only
C
ii, iii and i
D
iv only
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
i, ii will have no effect because the number of mole of reactants(volume) is equal to the number of mole of the product(volume) and iii will also have no effect since the forward reaction which favours the production of hydrogen is exothermic, therefore, the production of hydrogen will be favored by iv only.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #44452)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Organic Chemistry II: Functional Groups, Polymers & Biomolecules
Solution
(a) Write the chemical equation for the formation of named alkanoate.
(b)(i) What are the monomers of protein called?
(ii) Write the two functional groups present in the monomers named in (b)(i) above
(iii) State the type of reaction that leads to the formation of proteins from their monomers.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
(a) CH\(_3\)COOH\(_{(l)}\) + HOC\(_2\)H\(_{5(l)}\) --> CH\(_3\)OOC\(_2\)H\(_{5(l)}\) + H\(_2\)O\(_{(l)}\)
ethylethanoate
(b)(i) The monomers of protein are called amino acids
(ii)
(iii) Polymerization reaction occurs when many molecules of the same kind combined to form one complex molecule without gain or loss of material. The polymer, protein is formed from many amino acids (monomer).
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54539)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Water, Solutions & Solubility
Solution
(a) When is a sample of water said to be hard?
(b) State one difference between temporary and permanent hardness of water
(c) Give one method of removing hardness completely from water
(d) Name two local is used for the production of soap.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
(a) Water is said to be hard when it does not easily lather with soap.
(b) Temporary hardness of water can be removed by heating the water while permanent hardness cannot be removed by heating.
(c) Addition of sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) into the water can effect the complete removal of hardness
(d) Palm oil and ash.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54540)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Non-Metals & Their Compounds
Solution
(a) Give one physical property of
(i) diamond;
(ii) graphite
(b) Give two uses of diamond
(c) evidence that shows that both graphite and diamond are allotropes of carbon.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
(a)(i) Diamond is hard
(ii) Graphite is soft
(b) Diamond is used for making/cutting instrument for hard substances. Diamond is used for making jewelleries because of its characteristic lustre.
(c) When graphite and diamond are respectively burnt in excess of air, they produce carbon (IV) oxide which shows that graphite and diamond are allotopes of carbon i.e. C\(_{(S)}\) + O\(_{2(g)}\) \(\to\) CO\(_{2(g)}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54541)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Stoichiometry, Mole Concept & Volumetric Analysis
Solution
(a) Give two characteristic features of boiling
(b) What will be the effect of the following on the boiling point of water:
(i) addition of crystals of sodium chloride,
(ii) reduction of the atmospheric pressure?
(c) State two ways in which boiling differs from evaporation.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
(a) The vapour pressure must be equal to the atmospheric pressure. Bubbles of the vapour are formed at boiling.
(b)(i) Addition of crystals of sodium chloride will increase the boiling point of water.
(ii) Reduction of the atmospheric pressure will lower the boiling point of water
(c) Boiling accurs at a constant temperature while evaporation occurs at every given point of temperature rise. Boiling occurs when the vapour pressure of the pure liquid equals the atmospheric pressure while evaporation has no bearing with the atmospheric pressure.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54542)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 1989
Oxidation, Reduction & Redox Reactions
Solution
(a) Write the formula of the oxide of nitrogen in which nitrogen has oxidation number of (i) +1;
(ii) +2;
(iii) +3;
(iv) +4;
(b) State which of the oxides in (a) above is/are: (i) acidic (ii) neutral.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
(a)(i) N\(_2\)O
(ii) NO
(iii) N\(_2\)O\(_3\)
(iv) NO\(_2\)
(b)(i) NO\(_2\) is acidic
(ii) N\(_2\)O, NO, and N\(_2\)O\(_3\) are neutral
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54543)