English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Reading Comprehension, Summary & Composition
Solution
Write a letter to your elder brother working abroad describing the hardship you and your parents are facing at home and requesting him to give some financial assistance.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
46, Shonibare Street
Ikeja
Lagos, Nigeria.
6th May, 1998.
Dear brother,
How are you doing? I hope that you are doing very fine. Health-wise we are alright, but we are facing a lot of hardships here in Nigeria. This is what spurred me to write this letter to you. As you are aware, there are severe economic difficulties in Nigeria and our family is not spared.
We are passing through a hard time now. In the last eight months, things have gone bad for daddy and mummy. Daddy was retrenched August last year and since then, he has not been able to get another job. Four months after hrs. retrenchment, he sold the land that he bought few years back with the aim of setting up a soap business. He actually started the soap-making business but the harsh economic situation snuffed life out of the business. That was how the big sum of money daddy invested in the business went down the drain.
Daddy's misfortune has really affected mummy's business badly. Can you believe that mummy's shop which was usually filled to the brim with wares is now a shadow of its former self? All the capital that mummy used to re-cycle into the business has been used to feed the family since daddy can't provide money for feeding again.
Bimbo and Tunde have been withdrawn from the private primary school they were attending before to the public school near our house. I was offered an admission to read Accountancy at the Ogun State Polytechnic last year and I couldn't register because there was no money. The experiences are terrifying and traumatic. There is always bickering and quarreling in the family nowadays; a bad and ugly thing that was never given a chance in the family in the past. Daddy feels touchy and, in most cases, visits his frustration and anger on mummy and us.
Brother Kunle, the family needs your assistance financially now more than ever before. I know that you'll not be happy to see the family in shambles and to save daddy from developing hypertension, you should send some money to assist him. Mummy too needs your assistance to revamp her business. Her shop will soon be closed totally unless you send some financial assistance to her.
We shall be expecting your assistance very soon. Extend my greetings to your wife and the children.
Yours sincerely.
Kola.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51637)
English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Clauses, Phrases, Voice & Reported Speech
Solution
You are the chief speaker in a school debate the topic of which is "Public secondary schools are better than the private ones". Write your speech for or against the topic.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
. PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS ARE BETTER THAN PUBLIC ONES.
Good morning, chairman, panel of Judges, accurate time keeper, co-debaters, ladies and gentlemen. I am here to oppose the motion which states that "public secondary schools are better than the private ones" Public secondary schools are run and managed by state or federal government while private schools are established and managed by private individuals. Private schools are individual investment where students pay heavily for their education. In public secondary schools, students pay only a token amount of money as educational and development levies. Private secondary schools are better than public ones.
Private schools have necessary facilities and infrastructure. Private schools can afford to provide all these facilities for students because they realise a lot of money from school fees and other levies. Unlike public schools where there is paucity of these necessary facilities, private schools have good laboratories, libraries and good classrooms which always make the school environment conducive for learning.
Furthermore, private secondary schools have more qualified teachers to teach different subjects so that they could be patronized. Among these private secondary schools. there is intense competition which makes it expedient for each of them to recruit the best teachers around. Apart from this. some subjects have two teachers thereby giving room for efficiency and specialisation. This is not the case with public secondary schools where government just recruits teachers who are less qualified so that it could pay less.
Teachers in private secondary schools are hardworking. In fact, there is no room for laziness. Teachers work very hard since they are highly paid. Besides, they are given incentives which motivate them to work hard Cases of absenteeism, lateness to work and lateness or refusal to attend classes which are very rampant among teachers in public schools cannot be found among private secondary school teachers.
There is no doubt that private secondary schools always struggle to justify the amount of money they collect as school fees. They parade the best students in the country. The best condition and atmosphere for learning are provided for students in private secondary schools. Therefore. ladies and gentlemen. I am of the candid view that they are far better than public secondary schools.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51640)
English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Clauses, Phrases, Voice & Reported Speech
Solution
Tell a story that ends with the advice. "Cut your coat according to your cloth".
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
CUT YOUR COAT ACCORDING TO YOUR CLOTH.
Ngozi Okongwu was the only child born to her poor parents. Mr. and Mrs. Okongwu. The family was so poor that it hardly provided food and clothing for Ngozi. The family was wallowing s wallowin in abject poverty and therefore could not afford to h send Ngozi to school early in her life. The family was later helped by Mr. Okongwu's childhood friend who volunteered to sponsor Ngozi to school.
Ngozi was registered in a nursery school very near her parents' house. Her father's friend, Mr. Collins sponsored her education right from nursery school through secondary school. Unfortunately, while in secondary school, Ngozi joined a group of friends who came from rich families. She was keeping the company of these spoilt children from rich homes while forgetting her poor background. In a short time, Ngozi realised that her parents could not afford to get her the kind short of things her friends had. In her quest to live up to the standard of her rich friends, she decided to steal. Initially, she began to steal money from her classmates' bags. Before too long, she began to steal from her teachers handbags and later she became a 'professional' thief who can pilfer out of daylight.
After a while, Ngozi began wearing clothes made b e y the latest designers and, in most cases, this entered her head and she started disrespecting her teachers and elders. All this while, her parents were too busy trying to earn a living by farming. However, they started noticing all the make-up their daughter was applying and how snobbish and disrespectful she had become. They knew that something was wrong. Her mother searched her room and found all sorts of expensive clothes. Ngozi's parents decided to question her to find out where she had got all the things found in her room. She got angry with her mother and left the house. She wondered why she should be questioned that way and out of annoyance, she decided to leave her parents' home for her friends'.
One fateful day, Ngozi was in need of a beautiful and expensive dress to wear to a party which she had agreed to attend with her boyfriend...She had no money, and so, she decided to steal one expensive and colourful dress she had seen at a shop on Adeniyi Jones Street in Lagos. She got ready on this day and off she went. On getting into the shop, she looked around for the dress. She stealthily walked to where the dress was hung, picked it up and put it in her bag hurriedly. After doing this, she thought nobody had seen her and she made for the exit door.
At the door, a security man was always there to check people leaving the shop. He had seen Ngozi picking up the dress but he was not sure whether she had paid for it. As Ngozi was about to go out of the shop, the security man accosted her and demanded to search her bag. Ngozi was found out and after she was beaten mercilessly and the stolen dress collected from her, she was taken to a juvenile home where teenage offenders are kept.
Ngozi's friends were nowhere to be seen. Her parents had to go to the juvenile home to see her when the news of her arrest and detention reached them. As Ngozi saw her parents, poorly clad in their wretchedness, she burst into tears. Her mother said to her "Ngozi, if only you had cut your coat according to your cloth, you wouldn't be here now."
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51645)
English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Reading Comprehension, Summary & Composition
Solution
You have just taken part in a local festival in your village. Write an article for publication in a cultural magazine describing the festival, its origin and importance to your people and the role you played.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
A LOCAL FESTIVAL IN MY VILLAGE
The arrival of civilization and western culture has made us to forget our cultural past Our heritage has been lost and traded off for the western ways. Those cultural heritages which had delighted our fore-fathers are looked down upon by youths who regard these heritages as old-fashioned and anachronistic.
I must confess that I did share this opinion with my peers but l have to give it another thought when I was privileged to accompany my parents to our village to witness a local festival.
The festival is usually celebrated every first Saturday of September in my village, Obong. Every year, the indigenes travel from far and near to convene at Obudu Market Square, the venue of the annual new yam festival.
The origin of this festival goes as far back as when the first group of settlers fled to the plateau for safety and decided to dwell there. I can recollect vividly what my grandfather told me about the first festival when the settlers had their first new yam harvested. Tradition has it that the very first celebration was held at the summit of the Obudu plateau. The joy and happiness shared among the people was enough to pull the heavens according to my grandmother. Ever since, the celebration has taken the same pattern.
Last year the new yam festival which I witnessed began on Thursday. The day preceding that Thursday, all men in the village woke up very early in the morning and left for their farms. They returned in :e evening with their children carrying large tubers of yam on their heads. I joined the village children to carry the tubers which we dropped at the market square.
In the evening, the men gathered after taking their bath to discuss over a gourd of freshly-tapped palmwine. Their discussion took them into the far night before they went to sleep in their various homes.
Very early the next day. the women started peeling the yams for cooking They brought all ingredients together for the cooking while the young men prepared themselves to carry masquerades. The girls, like myself. were not allowed to cook but we helped the women in cooking the food.
Saturday finally arrived and the festival was scheduled to begin at noon. As early as 7:00 am on that day, the women were up again to add finishing touches to their cooking and finally they pounded the yams. The real festival began with the arrival of the 'Usu.. the chief who was followed by the masquerades. The young girls like myself dressed beautifully with the 'jigida' beads around our waists. We danced to entertain the Usu' and his chiefs who occasionally waved their locally made fans. Then the food was served and there was more than enough to go round. Everybody ate to his or her satisfaction. Finally. after all the dancing. singing and eating the festival came to an end in the early hours of Sunday morning.
I could say that this festival is of great importance to the Obudu people because it is the only time of the year when all indigenes of the village far and near. come together to felicitate. Moreover, the festival gave me a sense of pride that I have a heritage which l can be proud of.
Iniobong Etim,
O.I.G.S . Lagos.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51647)
English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Reading Comprehension, Summary & Composition
Solution
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
The most memorable experience of my life was an incident that occurred some thirty years ago when I was in the fourth form in the secondary school. In those days, the speech-making and prize-giving day was always a great event. It was always a day when the results of the promotion examinations were announced to the students after weeks of suspense. The afternoon commenced with all the students taking their seats in the large hall, and the members of staff, led by the principal, filing in. There were also three guests, each of them an important figure in the town. The principal and the dignitaries made speeches admonishing the students to work hard in order to attain their goal. Then the prize-giving commenced.
Soon, it was the turn of my class For the overall best student, my name was called. This was not unexpected, the position having become almost identified with me. Amidst the clapping, I stood up and moved towards the principal whose outstretched hand held a fat book. I was already before him when he peered through his heavy spectacles, surveyed my figure and held back the book. There was a sudden silence. Students were amazed at this turn of events. Then he explained, "You 'II have your prize when you pay your outstanding fees."
I stood there almost petrified. Had I been warned of this disgrace, I would simply not have stood up let alone bothering to go forward. There I was, the sorry focus of attention I wished my legs would refuse their function but they did no such thing. On the other hand they refused to beat a retreat, at least, for those burning seconds. Then suddenly, spontaneously, the students started clapping and hailing me. Thus, my return journey was more loudly cheered than the outward journey.
For the prize in English, my name was also called. Of course I sat still but the students hailed on. The prize was kept. For Mathematics, it was the same drama. Somehow the students' behaviour saved the day for me.
Poorly clothed, in torn tennis shoes and being a debtor, I was the talk of the school. The little fee I had paid that year was earned through doing menial jobs at weekends, supplemented with donations from some school mates. Father's financial difficulties had been aggravated by a protracted court case. He had no alternative but to ask me to withdraw from school and look for a job. This I had refused to do.
I had borne the cross gallantly until that day when the principal's action threatened to kill whatever courage remained in me. I ordered the tears to gush out to flood my sad face, but the ovations forced the spring to remain dry. I had the loudest ovation that day: the students' response to my plight was my own prize.
(a) Why were the students usually in suspense before the prize-giving day?
(b) Why was the announcement of the writer's name as the winner of the best student prize not a surprise?
(c) What two proofs are there in the passage to show that the writer was liked by his school mates?
(d ) Why was his father unable to pay his school fees?
(e) "whose outstretched hand held a fat book" (i) What grammatical name is given to this expression as it is used in the passage? (Ii)What is its function in the sentence?
(f) "/ had borne the cross gallantly . .."
(i) What figure of speech is this expression?
(ii)What does it mean as it is used in the passage?
(g) For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage: (i) memorable (ii) figure (iii) amazed (iv) menial (V) protracted (vi) plight
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
(a)The results of the promotion examinations were not announced to students until the prize giving day.
(b) The announcement was not surprising because the writer had won it many times before.
(c)(i) Some of his school-mates always helped him to pay his school fees.
(ii) He was hailed by the students when he was denied his prizes.
(d) His father was unable to pay because he had financial problems and a protracted court case.
(e)(i) Relative clause (ii) Qualifying the noun principal'
(f)(i) Metaphor (ii) It means "he had endured the suffering courageously" (
(g)(i) Memorable --unforgettable (ii) Figure - person, personality
(iii) Amazed - surprised, dumbfounded, non plussed, astonished, flabbergasted.
(iv) Menial - mean, servile, humiliating, undignifying.
(v) Protracted - prolonged, long - drawn, unending.
(vi) Plight -- predicament, difficult condition, unpleasant situation, ordeal.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51650)
English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Reading Comprehension, Summary & Composition
Solution
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
A candidate in an examination hall is a close cousin of the boxer in the ring. Both are fighting for a prize or, at least, for some champion is like commendation. Their goal is to win, and victory brings fame while failure leads to disaster and frustration. Each victory paves the way fora promotion up the ladder, and the higher one climbs the more exposed to the public glare one gets. A worid boxing a Nobel Prize winner among academics; each is at the apex of his career, but the route to that position can be tortuous and rough. The examination candidate is not a very normal person for the simple reason that he is under severe pressure. Although he is alert and his pulse is fast, he is liable to commit elementary errors without knowing.
Thus, he may repeat or omit one word, miss the spelling of another, or interchange the positions of two words. If he reads over, which he hardly ever does, he may see what was originally in his brain rather than what is on paper. So, most errors escape him. More alert than at ordinary times though his brain maybe, it can play funny tricks in the examination hall. Thus, while struggling with the question, he may suddenly recall an old joke or a long forgotten and obscure incident. Right there in the examination hall, while his pen is dancing furiously on the paper, the candidate may remember a beautiful tune as if his mind is saying: "Forget this task, enjoy some music."
Happily, these do not usually disrupt the exercise at hand: the task goes on while the candidate may smile to himself at the strange recall of the joke or music.
The brain can play a different type of trick. A fact long stored up and remembered a short while before the examination can suddenly evaporate. All attempts to recall it may prove unsuccessful. Usually, till the paper ends, the fact remains elusive only to resurface much later when not needed.
The candidate does not fare better in an oral examination. His problems are heightened by the fact that his fate depends entirely on the examiner's assessment of him rather than what he writes down himself. The facial appearance of the examiner is also a strong factor since a stern, unsmiling examiner can be intimidating.
Yet, an examination candidate need not be frightened. He needs all the calmness he can muster. He should sleep soundly before the exercise trusting that all the preparations he made earlier will not fail him at the hour of need. The fact is that one forgets more when one is tired, especially when one panics unnecessarily.
(a) In what two ways is an examination candidate similar to a boxer?
(b) Identify two direct results of pressure on the candidate.
(c) Give two examples of the funny tricks the brain can play on the candidate.
(d) Give two reasons why a candidate may have a greater problem at an oral examination than at a written paper.
(e) ". . while his pen is dancing furiously on the paper' (i) What figure of speech is this? (ii) What does it mean?
(f) A candidate in an examination hall...."
(i) What is the grammatical name given to the expression above as it is used in the passage?
(ii) What is its function in the sentence?
(g)For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage: (i) paves: (ii) apex; (iii) severe: (iv) elusive: (v) stern (vi) calmness.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
(a) An examination candidate and a boxer are similar because:
(i) they are both struggling for a prize
(ii) victory for any of them will bring fame and failure will also bring disaster and frustration.
(b) The two direct results of pressure on the candidate are:
(i) He is liable to make elementary m. 'stakes
(ii) Most errors and mistakes escape his attention.
(c) Two examples of the funny tricks are:
(i) The candidate recalls unnecessary and irrelevant information.
(ii) He forgets some information needed in the examination.
(d) The two reasons why a candidate may have a greater problem at an oral examination are:
(i) His fate depends completely / entirely on someone else's assessment of him (ii) The facial expression of the examiner may scare/intimidate him.
(e)(i) .Metaphor/personification (ii) It means "while he is writing fast".
(f)(i) Noun phrase (ii) It is the subject of the. verb is'.
(g)(i) paves - prepares, smooths, clears, opens.
(ii) apex - top, zenith, height, acme, highest point, summit, climax, peak.
(ii) severe - great, enormous, intense, heavy, tremendous, extreme
(iv) elusive :evasive, evanescent, slippery, difficult to recall.
(v) stern - strict, harsh, severe, austere.
(vi) calmness - composure. coolness, tranquility, serenity, placidity, equanimity.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51655)
English Language
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Reading Comprehension, Summary & Composition
Solution
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.
We have often heard students making wild assertions that the public examining bodies are their worst enemies. Some, in fact, see the officials of these public examining bodies as wicked souls scheming day and night to devise ways of failing them. How correct are these assertions? The facts will speak for themselves.
The task of setting an examination paper begins long before the examination day. Indeed. months or years before then, seasoned experts in the-various subjects are given the teaching and examination syllabuses and requested to set questions. These are compiled for subsequent scrutiny. Then a second set of experts is invited to examine the questions critically, make necessary modifications and come up with questions that conform with acceptable standards. The result of this exercise is a set of polished and unambiguous questions that are very fair to those being examined. These questions are then securely stored.
The next stage is the registration of candidates This stage involves not just the examining body, but also the candidates, their parents. their teachers. principals and some other members of the public. This is so because apart from the candidate having to fill in the forms. his principal has to endorse them while the parents have to provide the registration fee. Any mistake or inaction on the part of any of these may ruin the candidates chances. If, for instance, the candidate makes a mistake in his choice of subjects or in completing his forms or if the principal does not forward the registration fee at the right time. his chances in the examination may be jeopardized.
Next is the conduct of the examination itself. Again. more officials from outside the examining body than from within it are involved. Think of the supervisors. the invigilators, and even the security officials. They are definitely more in number than the staff of the examining body and any one of them could take an action that might result in the failure of candidates. Take the invigilator for instance If he is negligent candidates could swap answer scripts under his very nose; and when this is detected by the markers, as it often is. the results of the candidates may be cancelled.
Probably, the most hated person to the candidates is the marker whom they, in their ignorance, regard as a wicked drunkard who delights in failing candidates. What candidates do not realize is that an examiner is trained to score points strictly according to a carefully prepared marking scheme from which he must not deviate it is his constitution. Besides, his work is consistently checked by his team leader and the chief examiner. Should he be discovered to have marked inaccurately, he could be removed. So, contrary to candidates' opinion. the examiner is a seasoned teacher, a careful scorer, a person always on his guard.
The final stage comes with the collation of results. This stage is mainly computerized, and computers do not make mistakes. A candidate's results may not be processed if he is involved in a malpractice, has used a wrong examination number or no number at all, or if he fails to write all the papers that make up a subject. So. when a result is withheld, the fault is mostly that of the candidate.
How then should we view the activities of the public examining bodies? Definitely, we should view them with understanding, sympathy and appreciation.
(a) In one sentence, summarize the writer's purpose in this passage.
(b) In two sentences, one for each, state how the actions of the candidate and the invigilator can jeopardize the candidate's chances of success.
(c) In three sentences, one for each summarize the steps taken by examining bodies to ensure that candidates are given a fair chance of success.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
(a) The writer's purpose is to show that students' allegations against public examining bodies are not true.
(b)(i) The candidate jeopardizes his chances of success if he makes a mistake in filling his examination form.
(ii) Negligence by the invigilator can jeopardize candidate's chances of success.
(c) The steps taken by examining bodies to ensure that candidates are given a fair chance of success are:
(i) They ensure that examination questions are fair to the candidates
(ii) They ensure that candidates' answer scripts are accurately marked
(iii) The collation of examination results is done by computers and this is error-free.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #51657)
English Language
UTME / JAMB 1998
Antonyms (Opposite in Meaning)
Choose the most appropriate option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined.
The climate of Nigeria is an enervating one
A
a weakening
B
an energy sapping
C
an invigorating
Correct
D
a sluggish
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Grammar & Contextual Explanation
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.