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Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Current Electricity & Electric Circuits
Solution
A stream is flowing at 0.75ms\(^{-1}\) and a boat heading perpendicular for the stream landed at the opposite bank at an angle of 30^\circ. Calculate the velocity of the boat.
A
1.50ms-1
B
1.00ms-1
C
0.86ms-1
D
0.65ms-1
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Let the velocity of stream be Vs = 0.75m/s
Angle at which the boat lands \theta = 30º
the velocity of the boat = Vb
\(\frac{0.75}{V_b}\) = Sin30º = 0.5
∴ V\(_b\) = \(\frac{0.75}{0.5}\) = 1.5m/s
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #698)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Current Electricity & Electric Circuits
Solution
A rope is being used to pull a mass of 10kg vertically upward. Determine the tension in the rope if, starting from rest, the mass acquires a velocity of 4ms\(^{-1}\) in 8s [g = 10ms\(^{-2}\)]
A
5N
B
50N
C
95N
D
105N
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Tension = Force of gravity + acceleration force
= mg + ma
\(a = \frac{v - u}{t}\)
= \(\frac{4 - 0}{8}\)
= 0.5 ms\(^{-2}\)
Tension = (\(10 \times 10) + 10 \times 0.5\)
= 100 + 5
= 105N
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #699)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Scalars, Vectors & Relative Motion
Solution
A handbag containing some load weighing 162N is carried by two students each holding the handle of the bag next to him. If each handle is pulled \( 60^{\circ} \) to the vertical, find the force on each student's arm
A
81N
B
121N
C
162N
D
324N
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Weight of handbag(W) = 162N acting vertically downward
Angle of pull (\(\theta\)) = 60º to the vertical
Since the handbag is in equilibrium, the total vertical force must equal the weight of the handbag.
Let F be the force exerted by each student on the handle. The vertical component of the force from each student is given by:
Fv = F cos 60º but there are two students
2Fcos60º = 162
2F(0.5) = 162 ( cos60º = 0.5)
F = 162 ( since 2 x 0.5 = 1)
Therefore, the force exerted by each student on the handbag is: 162N
Source: Official Exam / Past Question Archive
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Newton's Laws, Momentum & Collisions
Solution
I. The frictional force is independent of the area of the surfaces in conduct
II. The frictional force depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact
III. The frictional force depends on the speed of sliding
IV. The frictional force is directly proportional to the normal reaction.
Which combination of the above is true of sliding friction?
A
I, III and IV
B
I, II and IV
C
I, II and III
D
II, III and IV
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
LAWS OF SOLID FRICTION: Friction opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact. It is independent of the area of the surface of contact. It depends on the nature of the surface. It is proportional to normal reaction (R). It is independent of the relative velocity between the surfaces.
Therefore, the true statements regarding sliding friction are I, II, and IV.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #700)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Current Electricity & Electric Circuits
Solution
A quantity of water at 0^\circC is heated to about 30^\circC. At each degree rise in temperature, its density will
A
rise steadily
B
fall steadily
C
fall then rise
D
rise then fall
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Water has a density of about 0.9998 g/cm³ at 0^\circC. As water is heated from 0^\circC to 4^\circC, it actually increases in density until it reaches its maximum density at approximately 4^\circC. Once the temperature exceeds 4^\circC, the density starts to decrease as the water continues to heat up towards 30^\circC.
Therefore, The density will rise and fall.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #702)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Waves, Sound & Vibrations
Solution
I. Coherence
II. Same frequency
III. Same wavelength
IV. Same Intensity
Which of the conditions above are necessary to produce interference fringes?
A
I and III
B
I, II and IV
C
I, II and III
D
II and III
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The necessary conditions to produce interference fringes are I (Coherence), II (Same Frequency), and III (Same Wavelength). Condition IV (Same Intensity) is not necessary.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #703)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Reflection, Refraction & Dispersion of Light
Solution
A boy observes a piece of stone at the bottom of a river 6.0m deep. If he looks from the surface of the river, what is the apparent distance of the stone from him? [Refractive Index of Water = 4/3]
A
8.0m
B
5.5m
C
5.0m
D
4.5m
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Refractive Index = Real Depth/App. Depth
4/3 = 6/app. depth
App Depth = (3 x 6)/4 = 4.5m
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #704)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Current Electricity & Electric Circuits
Solution
A radio is operated by eight cells each of e.m.f. 2.0V connected in series. If two of the cells are wrongly connected, the net e.m.f. of the radio is
A
8V
B
10V
C
12V
D
16V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
When cells are connected in series, their voltages add up. However, if two cells are connected in the wrong direction, they will subtract from the total e.m.f
If all cells were connected correctly, the total e.m.f. would be: Total E.M.F = 8 x 2.0V = 16V ( since no of cell = 8. and E.M.F of each cells = 2.0V)
When two cells are connected in the reverse direction, their contributions effectively subtract from the total e.m.f
Contribution from 2 wrongly connected cell = 2 x 2.0v = 4V
Therefore, Total E.M.F = 16 - 4 = 12V.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #710)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Magnetism, Electromagnetism & AC Circuits
Solution
If a charged ion goes through combined electric and magnetic fields, the resultant emergent velocity of the ion is
A
E/B
B
EB
C
B/E
D
E - B
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The resultant emergent velocity of a charged ion moving through combined electric and magnetic fields can be derived from the condition where the electric force equals the magnetic force. This gives us the formula for the velocity v:
q E = qvB
v = \(\frac{E}{B}\) (q will cancel out)
NOTE: When both fields are present, for the ion to move without deflection, the electric force must equal the magnetic force.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #711)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Current Electricity & Electric Circuits
Solution
A projection lantern is used to give the image of a slide on a screen. If the image is 24 times as large as the slide and the screen is 72.0m from the projecting lens, what is the position of the slide from the lens?
A
0.3m
B
3.0m
C
3.5m
D
4.0m
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
V = 72m
U = ?, Magnification = 24
But Magnification = V/U
∴ 24 = 72/U
U = 72/24
U = 3.0m
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #712)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Work, Energy, Power & Simple Machines
Solution
An electron of charge 1.6 x 10-19C and mass 9.1 x 10-31kg is accelerated between two metal plates with a velocity of 4 x 107ms-1, the potential difference between the plates is
A
4.55 x 103V
B
4.55 x 102V
C
9.10 x 101V
D
4.55 x 101V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
When a charged particle is accelerated across a region of p.d. V Volt, the work done is the product of the charge Q and the p.d. V
i.e. Work done = Q x V
But this work done is equal to the K.E. imparted to the charge given by K.E = 1/2MV2, where V is the velocity of the charge = Q x V = 1/2MV2
∴ p.d V = (1/2MV2)/Q
= 1/2 x 9.1-31 x [4 x 107]2/1.6 x 10-19
= 8 x 9.1 x 102/1.6
= 4550V
= 4.55 x 103V
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #713)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Current Electricity & Electric Circuits
Solution
A cell of internal resistance 0.01Ω can be measured accurately using the
A
Ohm meter
B
metre bridge
C
potentiometer
D
electroscope
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
A cell with internal resistance can be measured accurately using a potentiometer.
A potentiometer is an instrument used to measure the potential difference (voltage) across a component without drawing any current. This is crucial because drawing current can affect the measurement due to the internal resistance of the cell.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #714)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Calorimetry, Latent Heat & Change of State
Solution
A thin wire with heavy weights attached to both ends is hung over a block of ice resting on two supports. If the wire cuts through the ice block while the block remains solid behind the wire, the process is called
A
condensation
B
sublimation
C
regelation
D
fusion
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Regelation occurs when ice is subjected to pressure, causing it to melt at the point of contact. When the pressure is removed, the melted water can refreeze. This phenomenon is commonly observed in scenarios where ice is under stress, such as when a wire is pulled through it with weights attached.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #705)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Calorimetry, Latent Heat & Change of State
Solution
Dry
Day 1 - 30^\circC | Day 2 - 29^\circC | Day 3 - 25^\circC
Wet
Day 1 - 22^\circC | Day 2 - 22^\circC | Day 3 - 21^\circC
The reading above are for three consecutive days from a wet and dry bulb hygrometer. It can be concluded that the relative humidity for the three days
A
decreased steadily
B
remained unchanged
C
increased steadily
D
was least on Day 1
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
1
2
3
Dry
30^\circC
29^\circC
25^\circC
Wet
22^\circC
22^\circC
21^\circC
Diff
8^\circC
7^\circC
4^\circC
\(Relative Humidity \propto \frac{1}{temp}\)
Hence, There is a steady increase in the relative humidity between Day 1 and Day 3
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #706)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2000
Waves, Sound & Vibrations
Solution
One end of a long wire is fixed while a vibrator is attached to the other end. When the vibrator is energized, the types of waves generated in the wire are
A
stationary and longitudinal
B
stationary and transverse
C
progressive and transverse
D
progressive and longitudinal
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The vibrator is fixed at the end of the rope, hence, it is stationary. Also, the vibrator causes the end of the wire to move up and down (or side to side), creating disturbances that travel along the length of the wire. The displacement of the particles in the wire is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, which is characteristic of transverse waves
Therefore, Option B is correct.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #707)