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Ethanol may be produced by either synthetic chemical method or by fermentation of carbohydrate (Starch).

The reaction of aluminum chloride, AlCl\(_3\) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) produces a white precipitate of aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)\(_3\).

Catenation is the ability of an atom to form chains and rings by sharing electrons with other atoms of the same element. Carbon has a high tendency to catenate because of the strength of its C–C bonds. Carbon's least diffuse valence shell p orbital allows it to form longer p-p sigma bonded chains of atoms than heavier elements.

When an alkene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, the reaction is called hydrogenation. Hydrogenation is an addition reaction that occurs when hydrogen gas is added to an alkene's double bond in the presence of a metal catalyst. The reaction results in the formation of an alkane, which is a saturated compound. The reaction is also known as catalytic hydrogenation because a catalyst is required for it to occur. The catalyst lowers the activation energy of the reactants, which increases the reaction rate.

The five structural isomers of C\(_6\)H\(_{14}\), also known as hexane, are: n-hexane: Has only primary and secondary carbon atoms 2-methylpentane: Has a single tertiary carbon atom 3-methylpentane: Has a tertiary carbon atom 2,2-dimethylbutane: Has two tertiary carbon atoms 2,3-dimethylbutane: Has two tertiary carbon atoms.

A macromolecule is a very large molecule, usually with a diameter of 100 to 10,000 angstroms (10−5 to 10−3 mm). Nylon is a synthetic macromolecule that's made up of repeating subunits called monomers. It's created through a condensation polymerization reaction between adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine. Polyethylene is a synthetic polymer, which means it's made by scientists and engineers from petroleum oil. Creatine is a non-protein compound that is derived from amino acids, and is produced in the body by the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. It is also found in protein-rich foods like meat, fish, and milk. Hemoglobin is a natural organic(natural) macromolecule.

Ordinary glass is made from sand(silica), limestone(CaCO\(_3\) and soda ash, Na\(_2\)CO\(_3\).

When ethyne is passed through an ammoniacal solution of copper(I) chloride, a red-brown precipitate of copper(I) acetylide is produced. Terminal alkynes also react to form a red-brown precipitate

Saponification is a process that involves the conversion of fat, oil, or lipid, into soap and alcohol by the action of aqueous alkali.

The most important use of hydrogen is the ammonia synthesis or manufacture of ammonia(Haber process). The use of hydrogen is extending quickly in fuel refinement, like the breaking down by hydrogen (hydrocracking), and in sulphur elimination.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE) are polymers that are used for both packaging and electrical insulation. Polyethylene or polyethene (PE) is a popular plastic used for insulating cables, wires, bushings, and transformer components. PE has excellent insulation properties and high dielectric strength. However, Polyethylene is a good choice for packaging because it's non-toxic, food safe, and can be customized into many shapes and sizes. It's also resistant to chemicals, UV light, and moisture, and can be reused while polystyrene is a good choice for electrical insulation because it has low thermal conductivity and prevents the flow of electrical current. Since polystyrene can serve both purposes, it's a better answer compared to polyethene.

When alkali metals react with Hydrochloric acids. hydrogen gas is usually produced. Hence, Sodium belongs to the group of Alkali metals. Na + HCl → NaCl + H\(_2\)

The complete oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid is a stepwise process that involves the following steps: Ethanol is oxidized to ethanal Water adds an oxygen atom to ethanal Ethanoic acid is formed.

Sulphur dioxide reacts with potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid to produce potassium sulphqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqate, chromium(III) sulfate and water and the solution turns from orange to green.

The mass of a proton is 1.6726\times10−24 g, while the mass of a proton = 1.00727 a . m. u. so OPTION A is correct because the mass of an electron is \(\frac{1}{1840}\) of that of a proton, which is the same as say the mass of a proton is 1840 times the mass of an electron.