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A d.c generator is one in which its current is allowed to flow in one direction even through it may vary in value an a.c generator can only be made to produce a d.c by replacing the two slip rings with a single split ring or commutator.

For capacitance i n parallel, 2µF and 2µF are in parallel, their equivalence is 2µF and 2µF = 4µF The 4µF generated is now in series with the remaining 4µF. The net capacitance for series connection is \(\frac{1}{C}\) = \(\frac{1}{4}\) + \(\frac{1}{4}\) = 1 + \(\frac{1}{4}\) = \(\frac{2}{4}\) C = \(\frac{4}{2}\) = 2µF

Barometer is used to measure atmosphere pressure Thermometer is used to measure temperature Hydrometer is used to measure relative density of a liquid Manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas

Power is the time rate of doing work i.e power = \(\frac{\text{energy}}{\text{time}}\) Since energy = mgH ∴ power = \(\frac{mgH}{t}\) = \(\frac{50 \times 10 \times 5}{t}\) = 500W

V = fλ λ = \(\frac{v}{f}\) = \(\frac{3 \times 10^8}{600 \times 10^3}\) = 500m = 5 × 102m N.B 600KHz Frequency = 600 × 103Hz

Scalar quantity is a quantity with only magnitude, it has no direction Tension, weight, impulse are vector quantities because they have direction. Mass is the only scalar quantity there

Power of a lens = \(\frac{1}{f}\) f = focal length f = \(\frac{1}{p}\) = \(\frac{1}{5}\) = 0.2m

From Hoke's Law, F = ke, K = Constant of Force For he first case, Force = mg, = 0.8 × 10 = 8N ∴ 8 = k × 0.04 k = \(\frac{8}{0.04}\) = \(\frac{200N}{m}\) Since K is constant For the second case, F = ke F = 200 × e ∴ e = \(\frac{F}{200}\) = \(\frac{16}{200}\) = 0.08m

Eddy currents are produced by the varying flux cathode, the iron core of an equipment thus reducing efficiency due to power consumption. It can be reduced by laminating the core by breaking up the path of eddy current or by increasing the resistance of the core Usage of insulated soft iron wire is to reduce hysteresis loss Usage of low resistance wire (thick wire) is to reduce I2R loss Usage of thick wire is to reduce leakage heat loss due to leakage of magnetic flux Thus the correct answer is to use high resistance wire or thin wire

c = 8µF, v = 10v Energy stored = \(\frac{1}{2}\) cv2 = \(\frac{1}{2}\) × (8 × 10− 6) × 102 = 4 × 10\(^{-4}\)

Impulse = momentum Impulse = Force (f) \times time (t) Momentum = mass (m) \times velocity (v) ∴ Ft = Final momentum - initial momentum FT = mv - mu Since it is initially at rest u = 0 ∴ 5 \times 5 = mv − m(0) 25 = mv ∴ Final momentum = 25kgms\(^{-1}\)

Refraction, Interference and diffraction are all properties of waves

About electric cell Primary cells are used up gradually often the cells are use and it can't be recharged Secondary cells or accumulated can be recharged and used for a long period of time and their main advantage is that they have low internal resistance

Semi-conductor have an elecctric conductivity intermediate in value between that of a pure metal and a good insulator. Silicon is an example

A black solution is a better radiator of heat and allow a better absorber of heat.