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Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Simple Ac Circuit
Solution
In a series R-L-C circuit at resonance, the voltages across the resistor and the inductor are 30V and 40V respectively. What is the voltage across the capacitor?
A
30V
B
70V
C
50V
D
40V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
At resonance in a series R-L-C circuit, the voltage across the capacitor equals that across the inductor. Given V\(_L\) = 40V, the voltage across the capacitor (V\(_C\)) is also 40V.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #47401)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Structure of the Atom
Solution
Cathode rays are
A
High-energy electromagnetic waves
B
protons
C
neutrons
D
streams of electrons
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Cathode rays are streams of electrons observed in vacuum tubes.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #47384)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2018
Structure of the Nucleus
Solution
A black body radiates maximum energy when its surface temperature T and the corresponding wavelength \(\lambda\)max are related by the equation \(\lambda\)max T = constant. Given the values of the constant and surface temperature as 2.9 x 10\(^{-3}\) mK and 57°C respectively; Calculate the frequency of the energy radiated.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
\(\lambda\) max = \(\frac{2.9 \times 10^{-3}}{330}\) = 8.8 x 10\(^{-6}\)m
v = f\(\lambda\) or f = \(\frac{v}{\lambda}\)
where v = velocity of light = 3.0 x10\(^{-8}\) m/s
\(\lambda\) = 8.8 x 10\(^{-6}\)
f = \(\frac{v}{\lambda}\)
= \(\frac{3.0 \times 10^8}{8.8 \times 10^{-6}}\)
= 3.4 x 10\(^{13}\) Hz
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #52868)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Reflection of Light
Solution
The image of an object is located 6cm behind a convex mirror. If it's magnification is 0.6, calculate the focal length of the mirror
A
3.75cm
B
6.70cm
C
10.00cm
D
-15.00cm
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
V = -6cm
M = 0.6cm
Recall m = \(\frac{V}{U}\)
U = \(\frac{V}{M}\)
U = \(\frac{6}{0.6}\)
U = 10
\(\frac{1}{U}\) + \(\frac{1}{V}\) = \(\frac{1}{F}\)
\(\frac{1}{10}\) + \(\frac{1}{-6}\) = \(\frac{1}{F}\)
\(\frac{-4}{60}\) = \(\frac{1}{F}\)
F = \(\frac{60}{-4}\)
= -15cm
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #47749)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2018
Refraction of Light
Diagram
Solution
You are provided with a metre rule, lens, screen, ray box, and other necessary apparatus.
i. Set up the experiment as shown in the diagram above. Measure and record the diameter a\(_{0}\), of the illuminated object.
ii. Place the object at a distance x= 25cm from the lens. Adjust the screen until a sharp image is obtained on the screen.
iii. Measure and record the diameter, a, of the image.
iv. Measure and record the distance v between the lens and the screen.
v. Evaluate y = P = \(\frac{1+y^{2}}{y}\) and T= x+v.
vi. Repeat the procedure for x = 30cm, 35cm, 40cm and 45cm. In each case, determine the corresponding values of a,v,y, P and T.
vii. Tabulate your results.
viii. Plot a graph of P on the vertical axis against T on the horizontal axis starting both axes from the origin (0,0).
ix. Determine the slope, s, of the graph.
x. Determine the intercept, c, on the horizontal axis.
xi Evaluate K = \(\frac{c}{2}\)
xii. State two precautions taken to ensure accurate results.
(b)i. Explain the statement, the focal length of a converging lens is 20cm.
ii. An object is placed at a distance x from a converging lens of focal length 20cm. If the magnification of the real image is 5, calculate the value of x.
Attached Figure / Diagram
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Table of value/observation
\(a_0\) = 2.00cm
S/N
x(cm)
a(cm)
v(cm)
y=\(\frac{a}{a_{0}}\)
p=\(\frac{1+y^{2}}{y}\)
T=x+v(cm)
1
25.0
2.60
49.0
1.30
2.07
74.00
2
30.0
2.40
46.0
1.20
2.03
76.00
3
35.0
2.10
45.0
1.05
2.01
80.00
4
40.0
1.80
43.0
0.90
2.01
83.00
5
45.0
1.60
40.0
0.80
2.05
85.00
viii.
viii. Slopes(s) = \(\frac{x_{2} - x_{1}}{y_{2} - y_{1}}\) = \(\frac{76 - 70}{2.073 - 2.040}\)
= \(\frac{6}{0.033}\) = 181.8
x. Intercept (c) = 81
xi. Evaluation k = \(\frac{c}{2}\)
= \(\frac{81}{2}\)
= 40.5
xii. Precautions;
(a) Conxial arrangement of optical instruments
(b) Avoided parallax error in reading metre rule
(c) Lens kept upright
(d) Repeated readings shown on the table
(e) Surface of lens cleaned
(f) Avoided zero error on metre rule
(b)i. The distance between the optical centre and the principal focus of the lens is 20cm or if the parallel beam of light is incident on the lens, it is brought to a focus at a point 20cm from the lens.
ii. M = 5cm, F = 20c, x = u
M = \(\frac{v}{u}\)
5 = \(\frac{v}{u}\)
v = 5u
Using the formula
\(\frac{1}{v} + \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{f}\)
\(\frac{1}{5u} + \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{20}\)
\(\frac{1+5}{5u} = \frac{1}{20}\)
5u = 20(1 + 5)
5u = 20 x 6
5u = 120
u = \(\frac{120}{5}\) = 24
x = 24cm
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #59884)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
The density of 400cm\(^3\) of palm oil was 0.9gcm-3 before frying. If the density of the oil was 0.6gcm-3 after frying, assuming no loss of oil due to spilling, its new volume was?
A
1360cm\(^3\)
B
600cm\(^3\)
C
240cm\(^3\)
D
8000m\(^3\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
\(Density= \frac{mass}{volume}\)
⇒ \(0.9gcm^{-3} = \frac{mass}{400cm^{3}} = 360g\)
without any loss in the frying process, we have
\(0.6gcm^{-3} = \frac{360g}{v}\)
\(v = \frac{360g}{0.6gcm^{-3}} = 600cm^{3}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47376)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Thermal Physics
Solution
Natural radioactivity consists of the emission of
A
α- particles and β-rays
B
α- particles and X-rays
C
α- particles, β - rays and y-rays
D
γ- rays and X-rays
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of radiation from atomic nuclei. This radiation can consist of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47378)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Electricity and Magnetism
Which of the following is true of an electrical charge?
A
Positive charge means deficit electrons
B
Negative charge means excess of electrons
C
electric current means movement of electrons
D
All of the above
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47380)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Waves and Optics
Solution
Which of the following does NOT describe the Image formed by a plane minor?
A
Erect
B
Laterally inverted
C
Same distance from mirror as object
D
Magnified
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual (the light rays do not actually come from the image), upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47381)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Electricity and Magnetism
Diagram
Solution
What is the resultant resistance of the circuit in the image shown?
Attached Figure / Diagram
A
8Ω
B
11Ω
C
4Ω
D
3.6Ω
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
First, the two 2-ohm resistors are in parallel
R\(_T\) = \(\frac{2 \times 2}{2 + 2}\) = 1 ohm
Now, the 3, 4, and 1 ohm resistors are in series
Therefore, R\(_eq\) = 3 + 4 + 1 = 8 ohms.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47382)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Waves and Optics
A narrow beam of white light can be split up into different Colours by a glass prism. The correct explanation is that
A
white light Is an electromagnetic wave
B
the prism has all the colours of the white light
C
different colours of white light travel with different speeds in glass
D
white light has undergone total Internal reflection in the prism
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47385)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
What type of reaction is represented by the following scheme?
\(_{1} ^{2} X\) + \(_{1} ^{2} Y\) -----> \(_{2} ^{3} Z\) + \(_{0} ^{1} n\) + energy
A
fusion reaction
B
fission reaction
C
Chain reaction
D
radioactive decay
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47387)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Thermal Physics
Solution
The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 10kg of Copper by 1K is its
A
specific heat capacity
B
latent heat
C
heat capacity
D
internal energy
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The heat capacity of a defined system is the amount of heat (usually expressed in calories, kilocalories, or joules) needed to raise the system's temperature by one degree (usually expressed in Celsius or Kelvin).
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47388)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Heat Energy & Temperature
Shadows and eclipses result from the
A
refraction of light
B
reflection of light
C
defraction of light
D
rectilinear propagation of light
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47390)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2018
Electricity and Magnetism
Which of the following has the lowest internal resistance when new?
A
Leclanche cell
B
Daniell cell
C
Torch battery
D
Accumulator
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #47396)