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Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2017
Thermal Physics
Solution
(a) State two factors on which surface tension depends.
(b) How can mosquito larvae be made to sink in stagnant water?
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a)(i) Purity of liquid
(ii) Temperature of liquid
(iii) Nature / type of liquid.
(b) Mosquito larvae can be made to sink by the addition of any of;
(i) Detergent / Soap
(ii) Alcohol
(iii) Heat
(iv) Camphor .
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52885)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2016
Thermal Physics
Solution
The heat required to raise a mass of a substance through 1K is known as
A
Specific heat capacity
B
Specific latent heat of vaporization
C
Capacity latent heat of fusion
D
Heat capacity
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a given mass or object by 1 K (or 1 ^\circC).
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #44685)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2016
Thermal Physics
In the clinical thermometer, the function of the kink is to i. Prevent the back flow of mercury after use. ii. Ensure the back flow of mercury after use. iii. Maintain the thermometric property of mercury. iv. Allow the temperature attained to be read.
A
i only
B
i and ii only
C
i and iv only
D
iii and iv only
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45605)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2016
Thermal Physics
Diagram
Solution
The diagram given is used to determine the
Attached Figure / Diagram
A
boiling point of water
B
atmospheric pressure
C
upper fixed point of a thermometer
D
amount of water in the atmosphere
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
This setup typically shows a thermometer immersed in boiling water, which is used to calibrate the upper fixed point of the thermometer.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45612)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2016
Thermal Physics
Solution
An aluminium rod of length 1.8m at 10^\circC is heated to proceed produce a difference in length of 0.007m. Calculate the temperature to which it is heated. (Linear expansivity of aluminium = 2.3 x 10\(^{-5}\)K\(^{-1}\)
A
155oC
B
160oC
C
169oC
D
179oC
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
\(\alpha = \frac{L_2 - L_1}{L_1(\theta_2 - \theta_1)}\)
L\(_2\) - L\(_1\) = \(\alpha L_1 (\theta_2 - \theta_1)\)
\(\theta_2 = \frac{0.007}{2.3 \times 10^{-5} \times 1.8}\) + 10
= 179^\circC
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45613)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2016
Thermal Physics
A mercury-in-glass thermometer read 4cm at ice point and 29cm at steam point. Calculate the temperature when the mercury level is at 9cm
A
13oC
B
20oC
C
33oC
D
38oC
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45614)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2016
Thermal Physics
Solution
You are provided with a beaker, a thermometer, a stirrer, a measuring cylinder, a bunsen burner, a wire gauze, a 50g mass, a pair of tongs, water, tripod stand, and other necessary materials.
i. Using the measuring cylinder, measure 150cm\(^{3}\) of water into the beaker.
ii. Record the volume v of the water in the beaker
iii. Calculate the mass m of the water, given that m = pv and; p = 1gcm\(_{-3}\).
iv. Measure and record the initial temperature \(\theta_{0}\) of the water in the beaker.
v. Hold the 50g mass with the pair of tongs in the flame of the bunsen burner for 2 minutes.
vi. Quickly transfer the 50g mass to water in the beaker.
vii. Stir gently and record the highest temperature \(\theta_{1}\), attained
viii. Evaluate \(\theta\) = (\(\theta_{1}\) - \(\theta_{0}\)).
ix. Empty the content of the beaker and repeat the procedures above for the values of v = 200cm\(^{3}\), 250cm\(^{3}\), 300cm\(^{3}\), and 350 cm\(^{3}\).
x. Tabulate your readings.
xi. Plot a graph with m on the vertical axis and \(\theta\) on the horizontal axis.
xii. Determine the slope, s, of the graph.
xiii. Evaluate k = \(\frac{50}{s}\).
xiv. State two precautions taken to obtain accurate results.
(b)i. Define heat capacity.
ii. An electric kettle rated 1.2kw is used to heat 800g of water initially at a temperature of 20 C. Neglecting heat losses, calculate the time taken for the kettle to heat the water to its boiling point. [Take the boiling point of water= 101 C specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg' K'1 (odv)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
S/N
m/g
T/min
\(\theta\) = \(\theta_{1} - \theta_{0}\)
1
150.0
2.0
\(\theta\) = 88 - 34 = 56\(^{6}\)
2
200.0
4.0
\(\theta\) = 86 - 34 = 52
3
250.0
6.0
\(\theta\) = 84 - 34 = 50
4
300.0
8.0
\(\theta\) = 80 - 34 = 46
5
350.0
10.0
\(\theta\) = 76 - 34 = 42
Initial temperature of water = 34^\circ
Slope s = \(\frac{\bigtriangleup {m}}{\bigtriangleup \theta}\)
= \(\frac{m_{2} - m_{1}}{\theta_{2} -\theta_{1}}\)
= \(\frac{350 - 50}{62 - 42} = \frac{300}{20}\)
S = 150
Evaluate k = \(\frac{50}{S} = \frac{50}{150}\) = 0.333
Precautions;
- Avoided splashing of water
- Stirred continuously (for even distribution of heat).
- Avoided parallax error on the thermometer/measuring cylinder
- Repeated readings shown on the table
- Ensured the heated mass was gently dropped into the beaker.
(b)i. Heat Capacity Is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance.
ii. Pt = mc\(\theta\)
1200 x t = \(\frac{800}{1000}\) x 4200 (101 x 20)
1200t = 0.8 x 4200 x 81
t = \(\frac{0.8 \times 4200 \times 81}{1200}\)
t = \(\frac{272160}{1200}\)
t = 2260.8 secs
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #59945)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
The direction of the path taken by light is called
A
Locus
B
Lines
C
Ray
D
Beam
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Ray – a beam of light or radiation
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40764)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
The general gas law can be written as
A
PV ÷ T = a constant
B
PV = a constant
C
v/t = a constant
D
p/T = a constant
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Formula for general gas law
V × 1/T × P
N [(PV) ÷ T] = K is constant
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40773)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
In which of the following device is the expansion of solid not required?
I. Simple pendulum
II. Fire alarms
III. Thermostat
IV. Bimetallic thermometer
A
III only
B
II & III only
C
I only
D
II, III & IV only
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Simple pendulum does not depend on thermal expansion
Five alarms, Thermostat and Bimetallic thermometer are application of thermal expansion of solid
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40789)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
Heat transfer in the surrounding without a material medium is possible through?
A
Conduction
B
Convection
C
Radiation
D
Expansion
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Conduction, convection of heat or electricity through a material medium is required but radiation requires no material medium for heat transfer
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40842)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
What type of electromagnetic radiation can be used to take photographs in the haze?
A
Radio waves
B
infrared rays
C
Visible light
D
Gamma rays
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Infrared rays are easily detected by special photographic films and it can be used for taking picture in haze
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40852)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
A zinc has a heat capacity of 40 J/K, what is the mass of the zinc, given that the specific heat of zinc is 380 J/kg k
A
0.11kg
B
0.12kg
C
0.13kg
D
0.14kg
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Heat capacity (o) = mass (kg) specific heat of a substance (C2)
i.e Q = MC
where Q = 40 J/L, m = ?(380 J/Kgk)
40 = m × 380
m = 0.11kg (Approx)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40855)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
For a best result using temperature to achieve an accurate measurement, it is best to use
A
Mercury thermometer
B
gas thermometer
C
clinical thermometer
D
alcohol thermometer
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Gas thermometers are considered best for use to achieve an accurate temperature than others, such as liquid in glass thermometers such as mercury, clinical and alcohol thermometer
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40862)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2015
Thermal Physics
Solution
The two liquids which are often used in thermometer on experiment basic is known as
A
Mercury only
B
Alcohol and Water
C
Mercury and Alcohol
D
Alcohol only
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Mercury and alcohol are often used in THERMOMETER
Note:Water is never allowed to be used in thermometer because, it doesn’t expand uniformly
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #40891)