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Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Heat Energy & Temperature
The frictional effect between the layers of a moving fluid is called
A
capillarity
B
turbulence
C
diffusion
D
osmosis
E
viscosity
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option E.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #33699)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1998
Heat Energy & Temperature
Solution
Connect the circuit as shown above. Set the value of R= 30\(\Omega\). Close the key and obtain a balance at point T on the potentiometer wire PQ. Read and record the length TQ = L Evaluate L\(^{-1}\) and R\(^{-1}\), Repeat the experiment for R= 20, 10.5, 3 and 1\(\Omega\) respectively. In each case, determine and record the corresponding values of LL\(^{-1}\) and R\(^{-1}\). Remove the resistance box from the circuit and then determine the length \(L_o\) corresponding to R= 0. Tabulate your readings. Plot a graph at \(R_1\) on the vertical axis, and L\(^{-1}\) on the horizontal axis, starting both axes from the origin (0,0). Determine the slope, s of the graph and its intercept, I on the vertical axis.
Evaluate: (i) k = 1\(^{-1}\)
(ii) \(\frac{Lo}{S}\)
State two precautions taken to ensure accurate result
(b)i. Using your graph, determine the value of L for which R =15\(\Omega\).
ii. if the intercept I = 0.5+ y\(^{-1}\), use your graph to determine the value of y.
iii. Explain what is meant by the e.m.f.of a cell.
A
adhension between water and glass molecules is greater than the sdhension between water molecules
B
cohension between water molecules is greater then the adhension between glass and water molecule
C
molecules of water near the glass move faster than the molecules at the centre of the tube
D
molecules of water at the water-air boundary are often attracted to the centre of the tube
E
weight of the water pulls the centre part of the surface down
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Table of values/observation
S/N
R\(\Omega\)
L(cm)
R\(^{-1}\)(\(\Omega^{-1}\))
L\(^{-1}\)(cm\(^{-1}\))
1
30.00
88.80
0.033
0.01126
2
20.00
84.60
0.050
0.01182
3
10.00
79.80
0.100
0.01253
4
5.00
71.50
0.200
0.01399
5
3.00
69.50
0.333
0.01439
6
1.00
42.40
1.000
0.02358
Slope (s) = \(\frac{\bigtriangleup {R^{-1}(\Omega)}}{\bigtriangleup {L^{-1}(cm^{-1})}} = \frac{1.08-(-0.96)}{0.002175-0.00175}\)
= \(\frac{1.08-(-0.96)}{0.002175-0.00175} = \frac{2.04}{0.00425}\) = 4800cm\(\Omega ^{-1}\)
I = -1.14(\(\Omega ^{-1}\)
(i) K I\(^{-1}\) \(\frac{1}{I} = \frac{-1}{1.14}\) = 0.877\(\Omega\)
(ii) C = \(\frac{L_{o}}{S} = \frac{78.50cm}{4800cm \Omega ^{-1}}\) = 0.01635\(\Omega\)
Precautions:
- The key was opened when readings were not taken.
- I ensured tight connections.
- I avoided parallax error when reading potentiometre.
(b)i. When R = 15\(\Omega\), R\(^{-1}\) = \(\frac{1}{R} = \frac{1}{15}\) = 0.0666\(\Omega ^{-1}\)
From the graph, L\(^{-1}\) = 0.001175, \(\frac{1}{L}\) 0.01175, L = \(\frac{1}{0.01175}\)
= 85.11cm
I = 0.5+y\(^{-1}\), -1.14 = 0.5 + y\(^{-1}\), y\(^{-1}\) = 1.14 - 0.5
= -0.64, \(\frac{1}{y}\) = -0.64
\(\therefore\) y = \(\frac{-1}{0.64}\) = -1.6
(iii) e.m.f. is the p.d between the terminals of a cell when an open circuit or the work done in moving unit charge round a complete circuit.
Source: Official Exam / Past Question Archive
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Solution
Steel bars each of length 3m at 28°C are to be used for constructing a rail line. If the linear expansitivity of the steel is 1 x \(10^{-5}K^{-1}\),what is the safety gap that must be left between the successive bars if the highest temperature expected is 40°C?
A
1.2x \(10^{-1}cm\)
B
7.2x\(10^{-1}cm\)
C
6x\(10^{-1}cm\)
D
3.6x\(10^{-2}cm\)
E
1.8x\(10^{-1}cm\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
\(\alpha= \frac{\Delta{L}}{L_1\Delta\theta}; \Delta{L}=\alpha{L_1}\Delta\theta\Rightarrow 1.0\times 10^{-5}\times 300\times (40-28)= 0.036 or 3.6\times 10^{-2}\)
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #26296)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Which of the following explains why a thick glass cup cracks when boiling water is poured into it?
A
Unequal expansion of the exterior and interior walls of the cup
B
Anomalous expansion of the water
C
Greater specific latent capacity of water compared with that of glass
D
Large increase in the heat capacity of the cup
E
High density of the water
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26297)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Which of the following statements about kinetic theory of matter is not correct?
A
The molecules of matter are always in motion
B
When a body is heated the average kinetic energy of its molecules decreases
C
Molecules of a liquid move more freely than those of a solid
D
Matter is made up of very tiny particles called molecules
E
The molecules of a gas move more freely than those of a liquid
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26307)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Which of the following is not correct about the Rutherford’s model of an atom?
A
The mass of an atom is concentrated around the nucleus
B
The nucleus of an atom is positively charged
C
The nucleus is surrounded by the electron cloud
D
The model is applicable to atoms with only one electron in the outer shell
E
The diameter of the nucleus is \(10^{-15}m\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26308)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain is known as
A
Modulus of integrity
B
Modulus of elasticity
C
Shear modulus
D
Bulk modulus
E
Young’s modulus
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option E.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26309)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Which of the following statements is not true of nuclear fission?
A
Mother nucleus is broken into two daughter nuclei of roughly equal parts
B
Neutron is normally used in bombarding heavy nucleus
C
Two light nuclei are made to combine to form a heavy nucleus
D
Very enormous energy is released
E
There is an apparent loss of mass
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26310)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
When a paint brush is removed from clean water, the bristles of the brush are pulled together because of
A
The viscosity of the surrounding air
B
The low density of water
C
Surface tension forces
D
The weight of the brush bristles
E
The mass of the brush bristles
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26311)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
The odor of a leaking gas is perceived at a distance from the source. This is made possible by the process of
A
Sublimation
B
Diffusion
C
Osmosis
D
Evaporation
E
Capillarity
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26313)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Which of the following statements is not correct?
A
The pitch of a note depends on the frequency of the vibrating source
B
The loudness of a note depends on its intensity
C
The velocity of sound in air does not depend on the intensity of the note producing it
D
The overtones present in a note determine its quality
E
Wind speed effects on the speed of sound in air
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option E.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26321)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Which of the following is not true of the similarities between a camera and the human eye?
A
Both the camera and the human eye have light proof interiors
B
Both the camera and the human eye have light sensitive screens
C
Inverted images are formed on the screen in both
D
The distance between the lens and the screen is fixed in both
E
The amount of light entering both the eye and the camera can be adjusted
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26325)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
A magnet is being inserted into a coil of wire. On which of the following factors does the induced e.m.f in the coil depend? I. Number of turns in the coil II. Strength of the coil III. Speed with which magnet is inserted into the coil.
A
I only
B
II only
C
III only
D
I and II only
E
I, II,III only
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option E.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26327)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Solution
During the electrolysis of copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI) solution, an ammeter shows a steady reading of 1A for 30minutes while 6.6 x \(10^{-4}\)kg of copper is liberated. Calculate the error in the ammeter The electrochemical equivalent of copper is 3.30 x \(10^{-7}kgC{-1}\)
A
0.001A
B
0.011A
C
0.111A
D
1A
E
1.1A
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
m=zIt, \(I=\frac{m}{zt}= \frac{6.6\times10^{-4}}{3.3 \times10^{-7}\times 1800}=1.1111\\ \)error=1.1111-1.0=0.111A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26331)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1997
Heat Energy & Temperature
Solution
(a) Briefly explain what would happen to a stable element if it is bombarded by \(\alpha\)-particles
(b) Explain how the bombardment of Uranium with neutrons could lead to nuclear fission chain reaction and hence nuclear explosion.
(c) State three characteristics of nuclear activity
(d) State three applications of atomic energy
(e) State two postulates of Bohr's model of the atom and two limitations of such a model
A
1.32 x \(10^{-6}\)m
B
2.98 x \(10^{-6}\)m
C
3.32 x \(10^{-6}\)m
D
6.82 x \(10^{-6}\)m
E
8.01 x \(10^{-6}\)m
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a) If a stable element is bombarded by \(\alpha\) - particles the nucleus will become unstable and decay into other elements with the release of energy.
Example; \(^{14}_{7}N + ^4_2He \to ^{17}_8 O + ^1_1H\) + Energy
(b) When the nucleus of Uranium is bombarded with a neutron, it splits into two nearly equal parts with a release of energy and neutrons. These excess neutron, if not controlled, further bombard the remaining nuclei, causing a chain reaction and consequently an explosion, provided the critical mass of the Uranium is, exceeded
\(^{235}_{92}U + ^1_0U \to ^{236}_{92}U \to ^{141}_{56}Ba + ^{92}_{36}Kr + 3^1_0n\) + Energy
(c)(i) Radioactive substances give off identifiable radiation i.e \(\alpha, \beta\) and 8 radiations
(ii) They are chemically identical to their non-radioactive counterparts and later can be made radioactive by bombardment with nuclear particles
(iii) Radioactive materials decay with specific half-life.
(d) Three applications of atomic energy
(i) It is used for the production of nuclear weapons for warfare
(ii) It is used in the generation of electric power
(iii) It is used to detect leakages in underground pipes carrying oil or gases.
(e) Two Postulates of Bohr's Model of the Atom:
(i) Electrons occupy certain fixed orbits around the nucleus of an atom. When an electron is in one of these orbits it does not radiate any energy
(ii) The angular momentum is quantized in the allowed orbit.
Two Limitations To Bohr's Model:
(i) It could not interpret the details of the spectra of complex atoms
(ii) There is no theoretical basis for selecting the allowed orbits postulated.
Source: Official Exam / Past Question Archive