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Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Basic Chemistry
Solution
An organic compound contains 69% carbon, 15.3% hydrogen and 30.7% oxygen. Calculate the the empirical formula [C=12, H = 1, O = 16]
A
C\(_4\)H\(_12\)O
B
C\(_3\)H\(_9\)O
C
C\(_4\)H\(_9\)O
D
C\(_3\)H\(_8\)O
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
C \(\frac{69}{12}\) H \(\frac{15.3}{1}\) O \(\frac{30.7}{16}\)
C = 5.75, H = 15.3, O = 1.92
C \(\frac{5.75}{1,92}\) H \(\frac{15.3}{1.92}\) O \(\frac{1.92}{1.92}\)
C\(_3\)H\(_8\)O
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64959)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Basic Chemistry
Solution
Which of the following best represent solid gas mixture?
A
milk
B
kerosene
C
soil
D
smoke
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Solid in gas mixture: Smoke, ice clouds, dust.
Liquid in gas mixture: fog, mist, vapour and hair sprays.
Gas in solid mixture: aerogel, Styrofoam.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64994)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Basic Chemistry
Solution
H\(^+\) + OH\(^-\) → H\(_2\)O
The equation above illustrates
A
precipitation
B
hydration
C
hydrolysis
D
neutralization
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt and involves the combination of H+ ions and OH- ions to generate water.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64999)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 2022
Basic Chemistry
Solution
Which of the following gases is alkaline?
A
N\(O_2\)
B
C\(O_2\)
C
N\(H_3\)
D
\(N_2\)O
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Alkaline gases are any gaseous compounds that form an alkali (or basic) solution with a pH greater than 7 when dissolved in water. Ammonia is the most common alkaline gas
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #65813)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Gas Laws & Kinetic Theory
Solution
If the volume of a given mass of a gas at 0ºc is 29.5cm\(^3\). What will be the volume of the gas at 15ºc, given that the pressure remains constant.
A
31.6
B
62.2
C
32.7
D
31.1
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Charles' law is a special case of the ideal gas law in which the pressure of a gas is constant.
Charles's law defines the direct relationship between temperature and volume.
GIVEN DATA: V\(_1\) = 29.5cm\(^3\), V\(_2\) = ? , T\(_1\) = 0ºc or 273k, T\(_2\) = 15ºc or 288k
\(\frac{V_1}{T_1}\) = \(\frac{V_2}{T_2}\)
V\(_2\) = \(\frac{V_1 x T_2}{T_1}\) → \(\frac{29.5 x 288}{273}\)
V\(_2\) = 31.1cm\(^3\)
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64963)
Chemistry
WAEC / WASSCE 2022
Gas Laws & Kinetic Theory
Solution
What is the partial pressure of oxygen at s.t.p. in a gaseous mixture containing 100 cm3 of oxygen and 900 cm3 of nitrogen gas?
A
1.0 atm
B
0.1 atm
C
9.0 atm
D
0.9 atm
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Partial pressure is found by Dalton's Law:
Px = PTotal ( nx / nTotal )
where
Px = partial pressure of gas x
PTotal = total pressure of all gases
nx = number of moles of gas x
nTotal = number of moles of all gases
Step 1
Find PTotal
Standard pressure is 1 atm.
Step 2
Add up the number of moles of the component gases to find nTotal
nTotal = noxygen + nnitrogen
nTotal = 100 + 900
nTotal =1000cm3
Step 3
Now you have all the information needed to plug the values into the equation and solve for Poxygen
P-oxygen = PTotal ( n-oxygen / nTotal )
oxygen = 1 atm ( 100 / 1000 )
oxygen= 0.1atm
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #65811)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Acids, Bases, and Salts
Solution
In the preparation of salts, the method employed will depend on the?
A
composition
B
dissociating ability
C
stability to heat
D
precipitating ability
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
The method used to prepare a salt depend on:
the solubility of the salt in water.
the heat stability of the salt
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64903)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Acids, Bases, and Salts
Solution
Addition of sodium chloride to water to form a solution would lead to?
A
increase in freezing point and increase the boiling point
B
increase in freezing point and decrease the boiling point
C
decrease in freezing point and decrease the boiling point
D
decrease in freezing point and increase the boiling point
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
If you add salt to water, you lower its freezing point as well as raise its boiling point.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64910)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Periodic Table & Periodicity
Solution
Electrons enter into orbitals in order of increasing energy as exemplified by?
A
1S\(^2\)2S\(^2\)2PX\(^2\)2py\(^2\)2pz\(^0\)3s\(^0\)
B
1S\(^2\)2S\(^2\)2PX\(^2\)2py\(^1\)2pz\(^1\)3s\(^0\)
C
1S\(^2\)2S\(^2\)2PX\(^1\)2py\(^1\)2pz\(^1\)3s\(^1\)
D
1S\(^2\)2S\(^2\)2PX\(^2\)2py\(^2\)2pz\(^0\)3s\(^1\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Shells and subshells are filled in energy level order, so electrons will fill the 2p subshell before the 3s shell.
And the x subshell before the y and z.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #65001)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Water and Solubility Concept
Solution
Addition of charcoal to the filter bed of sand during water treatment for township supply is to?
A
prevent goiter
B
prevent tooth decay
C
remove odour
D
kill germs
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Activated Carbon filters are excellent at removing chlorine and related poor taste and odor.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64922)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Water and Solubility Concept
Solution
What volume of (dm\(^3\)) of water will be added to 10dm\(^3\) of 2.0 mol/dm\(^3\) HCL acid solution to give a final solution of 0.5 mol/dm\(^3\)?
A
30
B
40
C
20
D
50
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
To make a fixed amount of a dilute solution from a stock solution,
use the formula: C\(_1\)V\(_1\) = C\(_2\)V\(_2\)
where: V\(_1\) = Volume of stock solution needed to make the new solution.
C\(_1\) = Concentration of stock solution.
V\(_2\) = Final volume of new solution.
C\(_2\)= Final concentration of stock solution
2 * 10 = 0.5 * V2
20 = 0.5V2
\(\frac{20}{0.5}\) = V2
V\(_2\)= 40dm\(^3\)
What would be added = V\(_2\) - V\(_1\)
= 40 - 10 = 30dm\(^3\)
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #65039)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Mass Volume Concepts
Solution
2H\(_2\) + O\(_2\) → 2H\(_2\)O
From the equation above, calculate the volume of unreacted oxygen gas if a mixture of 50cm\(^3\) of hydroden and 75cm\(^3\) of oxygen are involved
A
85cm\(^3\)
B
50cm\(^3\)
C
125cm\(^3\)
D
55cm\(^3\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
Since 2 mol H\(_2\) reacted with 1 mol of O\(_2\)
: 50cm\(^3\) of hydrogen reacted with 25cm\(^3\) of oxygen
Remainder oxygen = Supplied amount - Reacted amount → 75cm\(^3\) - 25cm\(^3\)
= 50cm\(^3\)
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64961)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Electrochemistry & Electrolysis
Solution
On the basis of the electrochemical series, which of these ions will show the greater tendency to be discharged at the cathode in an electrolytic cell
A
cu\(^{2+}\)
B
sn\(^{2+}\)
C
fe\(^{2+}\)
D
zn\(^{2+}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
The arrangement of elements in order of increasing electrode potential values is called electrochemical series.
K > Na > Ca > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Ni > Sn > Pb > H > Cu > Ag > Au.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64917)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Electrochemistry & Electrolysis
Solution
In order to electroplate spoon with silver, the arrangement of the electrolytic cell is?
A
the anode is a silver rod and the cathode is the spoon
B
the anode is the spoon and the cathode is a silver rod
C
the electrolyte is silver trioxonitrate(v)( solution and the cathode is a silver rod.
D
the electrolyte is silver trioxonitrate(v) solution and the anode is the spoon
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
The steel spoon to be coated with silver is the cathode of the electrolytic cell and the anode of the electrolytic cell is made of a silver metal
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64950)
Chemistry
UTME / JAMB 2022
Reactions Rates and Chemical Equilibria
Solution
N\(_2\)O\(_4\) ⇔ 2NO\(_2\) (Δ = -ve)
From the reaction above, which of these conditions would produce the highest equilibrium yield for N\(_2\)O\(_4\)?
A
Low temperature and high pressure
B
Low temperature and low pressure
C
high temperature and low pressure
D
high temperature and high pressure
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Chemical Principles & Mechanism
high temperature and high pressure favor the highest yield for N\(_2\)O\(_4\)
high temperature favours the production of the reactant since it is endothermic, while high pressure favours the side involving a decrease in volume.
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #64936)