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Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
in a nuclear fission process, the mass defect was 1.2 x 10-5kg. Calculate the energy released. [speed of the light in vacuum = c = 3.0 x 108ms-1]
A
1.08 x 1011J
B
5.20 x 1011J
C
1.08 x 1012J
D
2.50 x 1013J
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
E - Mec2
E = 1.2 x 10-5 x (3 x 108)2
E = 1.08 x 1012J
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45567)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
The mass of the earth is 6.0 x 1024kg and that of the moon is 7.0 x 1022kg. If the distance between them is 4.0 x 108m, calculate the force of attraction between them. [G = 6.7 x 10-11Nm2kg-2]
A
1.8 x 105N
B
1.8 x 1010N
C
1.8 x 1015N
D
1.8 x 1020N
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
F = \(\frac{GM_1M_2}{12^2}\)
F = 6.7 x 10-11x
F = \(\frac{M_1M_2}{R^2}\)
F = \(\frac{6.7 \times 10^{-11} \times 6.0 \times 10^{24} \times 7.0 \times 10^{22}}{(4 \times 10^8)^2}\)
= 1.8 x 1020N
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45558)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
When current flows through a moving-coil galvanometer, the force exerted on the pointer depends on the: i. strength of the current. ii. magnetic field strength. iii. length of the coil. Which of the statement(s) above is/are correct?
A
i only
B
ii only
C
i and iii only
D
i, ii and iii
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #45565)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a) What is a projectile?
(b) Give the reason why the horizontal component of the velocity of a projectile remains the same at every point of its flight.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a) Projectile is an object thrown into the air, and left to move under the influence of gravity.
(b) the acceleration of free fall due to gravity does not act in the horizontal direction.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52979)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
A wire of length 2.00 m and radius 1.0 mm is stretched by 25.0 mm on the application of a force of \(10^3\) N. Calculate Young's modulus for the wire.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Given:
L = 2m r = 1mm = 1 x \(10^{-3}\)m. e = 25mm = 25 x \(10^{-3}\)m
F = 1000N
Young modulus, E = \(\frac{F \times l}{A \times e}\)
Area, A = \pir^2 = \(3.142 x (10^{-3})^2\) = \(3.142x10^{-6}\)
E = \(\frac{1000 \times 2}{3.142 \times 10^{-6} \times 25 \times 10^{-3}}\)
E = \(2.55 x 10^{10} NM^{-2}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52981)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a) Write the de Broglie equation.
(b) Explain the significance of the equation.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
a) \(\lambda = \frac{h}{p} or \alpha = \frac{h}{mV}\)
b) The significance of the equation is tha, a particle of mass (m) moving with a velocity (v) has an associated wavelength (\(\lambda\)). The wavelength decreases with increase in momentum or velocity.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52985)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a) (i) Define uniform acceleration.
(ii) Write an equation that relates linear velocity, angular velocity and radius
of path in circular motion.
(b) Two forces 30 N and 40 N act at right angles to each other. Determine by scale drawing, the magnitude and direction of the resultant force,.using a scale of 1 cm to 5 N.
(c) Explain why ships are usually refilled with sand and water after they have been emptied of their cargo.
(d) A crate of drinks of mass 20 kg is placed on a plane inclined at 30^\circ to the horizontal. If the crate slides down with a constant speed, calculate the:
(i) co-efficient of kinetic friction;
(ii) magnitude of the frictional force acting on the crate. [ g = 10 ms\(^{-2}\)]
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(i) Uniform acceleration is a constant time rate of increase in velocity.
(ii) Linear velocity = angular velocity x radius of path V = \(\omega\)r
(b) Scale: 1 cm to 5 N
30N = 6cm and 40N = 8cm
(c) A floating ship is balanced by its weight and the upthrust on it. Hence when off-loaded the upthrust becomes greater than the weight of the ship, therefore when refilled with sand and water, equilibrium is restored for stability.
d)(i) \(\mu = tan \theta = tan 30^o = 0.5774\)
(ii) F = \(\mu g cos \theta\) = 0.5774 x 20 x 10 x Cos 30\(^o\) = 100N
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52986)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a) Define specific latent heat of vaporization.
(b) (i) What are renewable energy sources?
(ii) List four renewable energy sources.
(c) Explain why tomatoes keep longer when kept in a moist jute bag in a clay pot.
(d) A box has a volume of 0.28 m\(^3\) and is 70% filled with iron fillings at 25^\circC. Calculate the:
(i) total mass of the iron fillings;
(ii) energy required to melt 10% of the iron fillings. [Density of iron = 8.00 x 10\(^3\) kgm\(^{-3}\); specific latent heat of fusion of iron = 1.38 x 10\(^5\) Jkg\(^{-1}\), specific heat capacity of iron = 460 Jkg\(^{-1}\) k\(^{-1}\), melting point of iron = 1500^\circC] 10.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
a) Specific latent heat of vaporization in the quantity of heat required to change a unit mass of a liquid at its boiling point to gas.
(b)(i) Renewable energy sources are sources of energy that cannot be exhausted.
(ii) Renewable energy sources are sun or solar, wave, wind, hydroelectric, tidal, biomass or vegetable oils, geothermal, etc.
(c) Clay pot is porous, therefore molecules of water in the moist jute bag will extract latent heat of vaporization from the tomatoes which will escape through the pores of the pot, thereby causing cooling of the tomatoes.
(i) Mass = density x volume = 8.00 x 10\(^3\) x \(\frac{70}{80}\) x 0.28 = 1568 kg.
(ii) Energy required Q = MC (\(\theta_2 - \theta_1\)) + mL
= \(\frac{10}{100}\) x 1568 x 460(1500 - 25) + \(\frac{10}{100}\) x 1568 x 1.38 x 10\(^5\)
= 106, 388, 800 + 21,638, 400
= 128,027,200J or 1.28 x 10\(^8\)J
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52989)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a)(i) what is resonance?
(ii) State two eXwilples of resonance.
(iii) Differentiate between loudness and intensity of sound.
(b) When a ray is refracted through a rectangular glass prism, which of the following properties of the ray will change? Wavelength, frequency and speed.
(c)
(i) Copy the diagram above in your answer booklet.
(iii) On the copied diagram, sketch the pattern of the waves immediately after passing through the opening.
(d) A diverging lens of focal length 18.0 in is used to view a shark that is 90.0 in away from the lens. If the image formed is 1.0 m long, calculate the:
(i) image distance;
(ii) length of the shark.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a)(i) Resonance is a phenomenon which occurs whenever a body is set in oscillation at its own natural frequency as a result of impulses received from another vibrating body, vibrating with the same frequency.
(ii) Examples of resonance are:
(1) Loud sound from vibrating prongs of a tuning fork.
(2) Bridge vibrating under uniform matching of soldiers.
(3) Repeated jumping of a diver at the free end of a diving board causes the board to resonate.
(4) Rattling of car engine at high speed causing vibrating of the body of the car. (5) \(X_c\) equals X\(_L\) in an L-C-R series circuit for tuning a radio set.
(iii)
Loudness
Intensity
- The magnitude of the sensation resulting from sound reaching the ear.
-Sensation that depends on the individual hearing ability.
- The time rate of flow of energy per unit area perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the sound.
- Depends on physical quantities of energy, time and area
(b) The following properties will change in speed and wavelength.
(c)
(d) \(\frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f}\)
\(\frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f} - \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{-18} - \frac{1}{90}\)
= \(\frac{-5 -1}{90}\)
v = -15m
M = \(\frac{u}{v} = \frac{h_i}{h_o}\)
\(h_o = \frac{hi \times u}{v} = \frac{1 \times 90}{1.5}\)
= 6.0 m
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52990)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a) Define:(i) the coulomb; (ii) resistance.
(b) State the three effects of an electric current.
(c) State the standard international colour convention for the insulating material covering the following electrical wires in a three-pin plug: (i) live; (ii) neutral; (iii) earth.
(d)
A water melon of mass 5.0 kg is suspended on a uniform rod of mass 4.0 kg and 4.0 in long as illustrated in the diagram above. If the rod is in equilibrium by the action of the force between the charges +q and -q, calculate the:
(i) anti-clockwise moment;
(ii) value of q. [ g = 10 ms\(^{-2}\)]
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a)(i) The coulomb is defined as the quantity of electric charge passing through a point in a conductor when a steady current of one ampere passes for one second.
(ii) Resistance is the opposition offered to the flow or passage of an electric current in a conductor.
(b) The effects of electric current are:
(i) Magnetic (ii) Chemical
(iii) Heating or thermal.
(c) The standard international colour for insulating cover for a three in plug are:
(i) Live is brown or red colour.
(ii) Neutral is blue or black colour.
(iii) Earth is green/yellow/green and yellow colour.
(d) Clock wise moment = 4gl\(_2\) + \(\frac{kq^2l_3}{12}\)
\(\frac{4 \times 10 \times 1 + 8.99 \times 10^9 \times q^2 \times 3}{(2.5)^2}\) = 40 + 4.315 x 10\(^{9}\) x \(q^{2}\)
Anti-clockwise moment = 5gl\(_1\) = 5 x 10 x 1 = 50 Nm
But sum of clockwise moment = Anti-clockwise moment 40 + 4.315 x 10\(^9\) q\(^2\) = 50
q = \(\sqrt{\frac{10}{4.315 \times 10^9}}\)
= 4.814 x 10\(^{-5}\)C
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52991)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
(a) Define nucleon number
(b) A radioactive isotope of Americium (Am —241) decays into a nucleus of Neptunium (Np — 237) and an alpha (\(\alpha\)) particle as shown in the nuclear equation below. \(^{241}_{95}Am\) \(\to\) \(^{237}_{c} + ^b_a \alpha\)
(i) State the number of neutrons in the nucleus of Americium — 241.
(ii) Determine the values of a,b and c.
(c)(i) Why are y-rays not deflected by electromagnetic field?
(ii) State two properties of gamma rays that make them suitable for sterilizing medical equipment.
(d) A sample of radioactive substance was found to be left with h of its initial count rate after 110 years. Calculate its decay constant.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a) Nucleon number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
(b)(i) Number of neutrons in the nucleus of Americium = 241 - 90 =146.
(ii) a = 2
b = 4
c = 95 - 2
= 93.
(c)(i) Y-ray are electrically neutral or carry no charge.
(ii) properties of gamma rays that makes them suitable for medical sterilization of equipment are:
(1) Possession of strong penetrating power.
(2) Posession of low ionizing power.
(d) \(\frac{N}{N_o} = (\frac{1}{2})^a = \frac{1}{32} = (\frac{1}{2})^a\) = (\(\frac{1}{2})^5\)
But T\(_\frac{1}{2}\) = \(\frac{t}{n} = \frac{110}{5}\) = 22 years
Hence \(\lambda\) = \(\frac{0.693}{T_{\frac{1}{2}}} = \frac{0,693}{22}\)
Decay constant \(\lambda\) 3.2 x 10\(^{-2}\) per year
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52993)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
You are provided with a retort stand, boss head, clamp, stopwatch, slotted weights, hanger, grooved pulley, thread, measuring tape, and other necessary materials.
i. Measure and record the radius R of the pulley.
ii. Setup the apparatus as illustrated in the diagram above, such that the clamp is 1.5 m above the floor.
iii. Tie one end of the thread to the pulley.
iv. Tie the other end of the thread to the hanger.
v. Slot a mass m= 50 g on the hanger.
vi. Wind the thread around the groove of the pulley until the base of the hanger is at a height h = 1.4 m above the floor. Maintain this height h for every other value of m through out the experiment.
vii. Release the mass to unwind the thread.
viii. Determine and record the time t taken by the mass m to reach the floor.
ix. Evaluate t\(^{2}\)
x. Also evaluate
a =\(\frac{2h}{t^{2}}\),T = \(\frac{m}{1000}\) (10 - a) and \(\propto\) = \(\frac{a}{R}\)
xi. Repeat the procedure for four other values of m = 70 g, 90 g, 110 g and 130 g
xii. Tabulate your readings.
xiii. Plot a graph with \(\propto\) on the vertical axis and T on the horizontal axis.
xiv. Determine the slope s, of the graph.
xv. Evaluate I = \(\frac{R}{s}\).
xvi. State two precautions taken to obtain accurate results.
(b)i. Define centripetal force
ii. An object drops to the ground from a height of 2.0 m. Calculate the speed with which it strikes the ground. [g=10 ms\(^{-2}\)]
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
S/N
m/g
\(t_1\)/s
\(t_2\)/s
\(t_1\)+\(t_2\)/s
t\(^{2}\)/5\(^{2}\)
a=\(\frac{24}{t^{2}}\)
T=\(\frac{m}{1000}\)(10-a)
X=\(\frac{a}{R}\)
1.0
50.0
5.00
5.00
\(\frac{5.0+5.0}{2}\)=5
25.000
0.110
0.490
1.380
2.0
70.0
4.80
4.80
\(\frac{4.8+4.8}{2}\)=4.8
23.040
0.120
0.690
1.50
3.0
90.0
4.60
4.60
\(\frac{4.6+4.6}{2}\)=4.6
21.160
0.130
0.890
1.630
4.0
110.0
4.40
4.40
\(\frac{4.4+4.4}{2}\)=4.4
19.360
0.140
1.080
1.750
5.0
130.0
4.20
4.20
\(\frac{4.2+4.2}{2}\)=4.2
17.640
0.150
1.280
1.880
h = 1.4m = 140cm
R = 0.08m = 8cm
h = 1.4m
R = 8cm = 0.08cm
xvi. Precautions; i
- ensured that no parallax error when talcen my reading with metre rule.
- made sure, the clamp was properly tightened.
- ensured that the experiment was not affected by air interference.
(b)i. Centripetal force (\(F_T\)) is defined as that inward force required to keep an object moving with a constant speed in a circular path \(F_T\) = \(\frac{mo^{2}}{r}\)
ii. K.e = P.e
½ mv\(^{2}\) = mgh
\(\frac{V^{2}}{2}\) = gh
V\(^{2}\) = 2gh
V\(^{2}\) = 2 x 10 x 2
V = \(\sqrt 40\) = 6.37mls.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #59960)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2015
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
You have been provided with a resistance box, a voltmeter, a key, a battery, and other necessary materials.
Connect the circuit as shown in the diagram above.
With the key K closed, read and record the voltmeter reading \(V_0\).
Set the resistance R in the resistance box equal to I\(\Omega\).
Close the key, read and record the potential difference V on the voltmeter.
EvaluateR\(^{-1}\) and V\(^{-1}\) .
Repeat the procedure for five other values or R = 2\(\Omega\), 3\(\Omega\), 4\(\Omega\), 5\(\Omega\) and 6\(\Omega\).
Tabulate your readings.
Plot a graph with V\(^{-1}\) on the vertical axis and R on the horizontal axis.
Determine the slope, s, of the graph and the intercept, C, on the vertical axis.
Evaluate c\(^{-1}\)
State two precautions taken to obtain accurate results.
(b)i. Define the potential difference between two points in an electric circuit.
ii. Explain why the emf of a cell is greater than the p.d. across the call when it is supplying Current through an external resistance.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
S/N
R/W
V/vat
R\(^{-1}\)/W\(^{-1}\)
V\(^{-1}\)/vat
1
1.0
1.80
1.00
0.56
2
2.0
2.10
0.50
0.48
3
3.0
2.30
0.33
0.43
4
4.0
2.40
0.25
0.42
5
5.0
2.50
0.20
0.40
6
6.0
2.60
0.17
0.30
Slope = \(\frac{0.65 - 0.40}{1.10 - 0.20} = \frac{0.25}{0.9}\)
= 0.3
X = c = 0.35 = C\(^{-1}\) = 2.86
Precautions; I
ensured that the key was open after each reading so that the battery will not run down quickly.
ensured there was no Zero error when taking the voltmeter reading.
ensured the electrical wire was tightly connected to the terminals in order to avoid current fluctuations.
(b) i. Potential difference is the amount of work done in moving a unit positive charge from a point to another, mostly from a point of lower potential to the point of higher potential. Its density p.d. measured in Volts.
ii. The e.m.f. of a cell is the p.d. across the terminals when it is in an open circuit i.e. hot supplying current to an external circuit. While terminal p.d. 5 is defined as the p.d, between the terminals of a cell when it is delivering current to an external circuit. Therefore, emf is greater because it has not yet been connected to an external circuit.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #59971)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2014
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
I Electrical potential, II Torque, III Kinetic Energy, IV Momentum. Which of the quantities listed are vectors?
A
II and IV
B
I and II
C
I and III
D
II and III
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26956)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2014
Mechanics and Properties of Matter
Solution
A car accelerates uniformly from rest at 3ms-2. its velocity after traveling a distance of 24m is
A
12ms-1
B
144ms-1
C
72ms-1
D
36ms-1
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
V2 = U2 x 2ax
V2 = 0 x 2(3)(24)
V2 = 144
V = \(\sqrt{144}\)
V = 12ms-1
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #26958)