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Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2000
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
During the electrolysis of copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI) solution, a steady current of 4.0 x 10\(^2\) A flowing for one hour liberated 0.48 g of copper. Calculate the mass of copper liberated by one coulomb of charge.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
M = Zit
Z = \(\frac{M}{It}\)
= \(\frac{0.48 \times 10^{-3}}{4 \times 10^2 \times 3600}\) = 3.3 x 10\(^{-10}\)kgc\(^{-1}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54142)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2000
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
Measure and record the e.m.f. of the accumulator provided.
Connect a circuit as shown in the diagram. S is a standard resistor and R is a resistance box.
With R = 0\(\Omega\), close the key K. Read and record the ammeter reading I. Evaluate 1\(^{-1}\).
Repeat the procedure for R=1,2, 3, 4, and 5\(\Omega\). Tabulate your readings.
Plot a graph of R on the vertical axis and 1\(^{-1}\) on the horizontal axis, starting both axis from the origin (0,0).
Determine the slope s of the graph and find the intercept C on the vertical axis.
State two precautions taken to ensure accurate results.
(b)i. State two advantages of a lead-acid accumulator over a Leclanche cell.
ii. A parallel combination of 3\(\Omega\) and 4\(\Omega\) resistors is connected in series with a resistor of 4\(\Omega\) and a battery of negligible internal resistance. Calculate the effective resistance in the circuit.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The e.m.f of the accumulator = 1.5v
Table of value/observations
R(\(\Omega\))
1\(_{amp}\)
1\(^{-1}_{amp}\)
0
0.78
1.28
1
0.50
2.00
2
0.38
2.63
3
0.30
3.33
4
0.25
4.00
5
0.22
4.55
Slope (s) = \(\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}} = \frac{4-1}{4-2} = \frac{3}{2}\)
The intercept on the vertical axis is =-1.85\(\Omega\)
Precautions:
I tightened connections.
I avoided errors due to parallax in reading ammeter or voltmeter.
I noted zero error of ammeter/ voltmeter.
I removed key when readings were not taken.
I took repeated readings from the table, i.e. averaging the reading.
(b)i.
- The lead-acid accumulator can be recharged while the Leclanche cell cannot.
- The lead-acid accumulator has the capacity to supply large currents for a long time while the leclanche cell does not.
ii. The two resistors 3\(\Omega\) and 4\(\Omega\) are connected in parallel.
\(\therefore\) The equivalent resistance (\(\Omega\) = \(\frac{1}{R} = \frac{1}{3} = \frac{1}{4} = \frac{4+3}{12}\)
= \(\frac{7}{12}\) = 1.71
The effective resistance in the circuit = 1.71 + 4 = 5.71\(\Omega\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #60130)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
Four cells each of e.m.f 1.5V and internal resistance of 4\Omega are connected in parallel. What is the effective e.m.f. and internal resistance of the combination?
A
6.0V, 16\Omega
B
6.0V, 1\Omega
C
1.5V, 4\Omega
D
1.5V, 1\Omega
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Since all the cells are connected in parallel, the effective e.m.f. is just that of one single cell. Which means e.m.f. = 1.5V
However, the effective internal resistance adds as parallel arrangement given as
1/r = 1/r1 + 1/r2 + 1/r3 + 1/r4
= 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4
= 1\Omega
∴ r = 1\Omega
Answer = 1.5V, 1\Omega
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #600)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
A 3000W electric cooker is to be used on a 200V mains circuit. Which of the fuses below can be used safely with the cooker?
A
2A
B
5A
C
10A
D
20A
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The maximum current drawn by the cooker is given by;
I = \(\frac{P}{V}\)
∴ I = \(\frac{\text{3000}}{200}\)
I = 15A
The fuse rating = I \(\times\) 125% (the fuse is rated at 125% of the normal operating current)
Hence, the fuse rating = 15A \(\times\) (\(\frac{125}{100}\)) = 18.75amps
Therefore, the best fuse is 20A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #605)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
A galvanometer has a resistance of 5Ω. By using a shunt wire of resistance 0.05Ω, the galvanometer could be converted to an ammeter capable of reading 2Amp. What is the current through the galvanometer?
A
2mA
B
10mA
C
20mA
D
25mA
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Shunt resistance is usually given as
R = igrg/(I - ig)
Where R = 0.05Ω
rg = 5Ω
I = 2M
∴ ig = IR/(rg + R)
= (2 x 0.05)/(5 + 0.05)
= 0.10/5.05
= 0.0198A
= 19.8mA
= 20mA
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #615)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
The core of an efficient transformer should consist of laminated pieces of metal in order to
A
increase the heat produced by increasing the eddy current
B
increase the heat produced by reducing the eddy current
C
reduce the heat produced by increasing the eddy current
D
reduce the heat produced by reducing the eddy current
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #628)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
A semiconductor diode is used in rectifying alternating current into direct current mainly because it
A
allows current to flow in either direction
B
is non-linear
C
offers a high input resistance
D
allows current to flow only in one direction
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
A rectifier of an alternating current is a device which allows the flow of current only in one direction
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #660)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Diagram
Solution
In the series a.c circuit shown above, the p.d across the inductor is 8Vr.m.s and that across the resistor is 6Vr.m.s. The effective voltage is
Attached Figure / Diagram
A
2V
B
10V
C
14V
D
48V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The effective V =
√ VR2 + VL2
=
√ 62 + 82
=
√ 36 + 64
=
√ 100
10V
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #11274)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Diagram
Solution
The diagram above shows a magnet X with its south pole moved along a soft - iron bar PQ in the direction shown. After some time, the poles at P and Q respectively are
Attached Figure / Diagram
A
North - North
B
North - South
C
South - North
D
South - South
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
When a magnet is moved near a ferromagnetic material like soft iron, it induces magnetism in the material. The end closer to the magnet becomes the opposite pole.
In this scenario, the south pole of the magnet X approaches point P. Point P becomes a north pole to repel the south pole, while the opposite end (Q) becomes a south pole.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #11270)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Diagram
Solution
In the circuit above, the ammeter reads a current of 5.0 A when R = 8Ω and reads 7.0A when R = 5Ω. The value of the unknown resistance X is
Attached Figure / Diagram
A
10.0Ω
B
7.5Ω
C
5.0Ω
D
2.5Ω
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
From Ohms Law, E = I(R +X)
=> E = I1(R1 + X)
again, E = I2(R2 + X)
=> I1(R1 + X) = I2(R2 + X)
∴ 5(8 + X) = 7(5 + X)
40 + 5X = 35 + 7X
7X - 5X = 40 - 35
2X = 5
X = 5/2
= 2.5Ω
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #11271)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
A stone of mass 0.7kg is projected vertically , upwards with a speed of 5ms-1. Calculate the maximum height reached. (Take g as 10ms-2 and neglect air resistance)
A
1.00m
B
1.25m
C
1.50m
D
3.75m
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #25473)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
The parts of a bar magnet at which the magnetic effect is strongest are called the
A
poles
B
neutral points
C
magnetic declinations
D
magnetic meridians
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #25499)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
A resistance wire of length 2 m and of uniform cross-sectional area 5.0 x 10-7 m2 has a resistance of 2.2 Ω Calculate its resistivity
A
1.8 x 10-7Ωm
B
5.5 x 10-7Ωm
C
1.8 x 10-7Ωm
D
5.8 x 107Ωm
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #25500)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
In an electrolysis experiment, the ammeter records a steady current of 1A. The mass of copper deposited is 0.66g in 30 minutes. Calculate the error in the ammeter reading (Electrochemical equivalent of copper = 0.00033g C\(^{-1}\)).
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Mass deposited = 21t
I = \(\frac{m}{2t} = \frac{0.66}{33 \times 10^{-5} \times 30 \times 60}\)
= 1.11A
error = 1.11 - 1
= 0.11A
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54658)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 1999
Electricity and Magnetism
Solution
(a) Explain electrolysis
(b) Classify the following substances as electrolytes and non-electrolytes: Sugar solution: paraffin, suit solution and grape fruit juice.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(a) This is the process by which a solution or a molten substance is broken down into the component parts by the passage of an electric current through it.
(b) \(\frac{Electrolytes}{\text{salt solution}}\) = \(\frac{\text{non - electrolytes}}{\text{Sugar solution}}\)
grape fruit juice paraffin
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #54666)