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The type of salt that is formed when a strong acid reacts a strong base is a neutral salt which is also a normal salt. This is because the strong acid is completely neutralized by the base that is strong in nature. E.g sodium chloride, NaCl.

CO\(_2\) is made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. The molecule's linear shape is due to the arrangement of its atoms and the absence of lone pairs on the central carbon atom. The molecule's linear shape is also due to the cancellation of the charges of the dipole when the molecule is arranged symmetrically. The two C=O bonds are polar, but the rest of the molecule is nonpolar.

Atomic mutations, or radiation-induced mutations, are changes in DNA that occur when ionizing radiation damages DNA in cells. Radioactive isotope, any of the species of the same chemical element that have different masses and unstable nuclei that emit radiation. Radiation is the release of energy from a source in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves that travel through a medium and are absorbed by matter

Firstly, Ag\(^+\) + e\(^-\) → Ag 1 mole = 1 F = 96,500C x 1 e\(^-\) ⇒ If 96,500C liberates 108g of Ag x will liberate 16g of Ag x = \(\frac{96,500 x 16}{108}\) = 14,296.30 C i.e The quantity of electricity that would liberate 16g of Ag which is also the same quantity that will liberate X of Mg = 14,296.30 C Thus, Mg\(^{2+}\) + 2e\(^-\) → Mg If 2e\(^-\) X 96,500C liberates 24g of Mg 14,296.30C will liberate Xg of Mg By simple proportion, X = \(\frac{14,296.30 x 24}{193,000}\) = 1.78g

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant. It's a common air pollutant that's also known as a deadly household gas.

First, write a balanced equation and ensure the stoichiometry is in order: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H\(_2\)O Following the reaction above, the mole ratio is 1 : 1 Given: Concentration of Acid, C\(_A\) = 0.12moldm\(^{-3}\), Volume of Acid, V\(_A\) = ? Concentration of Base, C\(_B\) = 0.20 moldm\(^{-3}\) Volume of Base, V\(_B\) = 20cm\(^3\) Using the relation, C\(_A\)V\(_A\) = C\(_B\)V\(_B\) V\(_A\) = \(\frac{C_BV_B}{C_A}\) = \(\frac{0.20 \times 20}{0.12}\) = 33.33cm\(^3\)

Fog is a thick cloud of tiny water droplets or ice crystals that forms near the ground, making it difficult to see. Fog is a colloidal solution, which is a mixture where one substance is evenly dispersed in another. In fog, the dispersed phase is liquid, and the dispersion medium is gas. Fog is also known as a liquid aerosol. - Liquid particle dispersed in gas medium is Fog - Gas particles dispersed in liquid is Foam or lather - Solid particles dispersed in gas is smoke - gas particles dispersed in solid is solid sols - Liquid dispersed in liquid is emulsion

Oxide of Sulphur means the compound formed is bonding between Sulphur and Oxygen. Also, if the compound contains 60% Oxygen, then it must contain 40% Sulphur Elements S O %by mass of atoms 40 60 Divide by their masses \(\frac{40}{32}\) \(\frac{60}{16}\) 1.25 3.75 Divide through by smaller value \(\frac{1.25}{1.25}\) \(\frac{3.75}{1.25}\) 1 : 3 Empirical formula SO\(_3\)

J.J. Thomson performed the cathode ray tube (CRT) experiment that led to the discovery of the electron and cathode rays as subatomic particles. Robert Millikan succeeded in precisely determining the magnitude of the electron's charge.Millikan's discovery that electron charge can be quantified led to an accepted value for e\(^-\), which is now a fundamental scientific constant. Ernest Rutherford discovered alpha and beta rays, set forth the laws of radioactive decay, and identified alpha particles as helium nuclei. Bohr's model of the atom describes how electrons orbit a nucleus in defined energy levels. Electrons can move between orbits by absorbing or emitting energy.

Chlorine kills or inactivates harmful microorganisms that can cause illnesses like cholera, hepatitis, typhoid, and giardiasis. It helps in disinfecting the potable water.

When a candle burns in a limited supply of air, it undergoes incomplete combustion, producing carbon (soot) and carbon monoxide (CO) instead of carbon dioxide and water.

Aquatic animals need oxygen to survive. Oil spills can have a severe impact on aquatic life, causing a drastic reduction in the number of aquatic animals. The oil spills tend to hinder dissolved oxygen transfer in the water.Even small amounts of hydrocarbons can prevent oxygen from transferring in the water column.The oil layer directly can also cause the dissolved oxygen level in the water to become low due to the obstruction of the diffusion process from the air. Nitrification in water bodies is caused by nitrifying bacteria converting ammonia and other nitrogen compounds into nitrite and nitrate. This process is affected by several environmental factors, including temperature, oxygen, pH, and light. Detoxification of water is the process of removing harmful components from wastewater. This process is necessary to treat water and wastewater that contain toxic compounds that can harm human health and the environment. Water disinfection occurs when physical or chemical processes disrupt the cell walls or membranes of microorganisms. This prevents the microorganisms from multiplying and causes them to die.

When water reacts with alkali metals such as sodium, alkali are formed. The reason they are called alkali metals. Also, the colour change from white anhydrous copper(II) tetraoxosulphate(VI) to blue hydrated copper(II) tetraoxosulphate(VI) is a way of testing for the presence of water. This colour change is a simple and effective way to detect the presence of water in a substance or environment.

A nuclear reaction that occurs when an atom is bombarded with a neutron is called a neutron bombardment reaction. When a nucleus is hit by a neutron, it can split into two or more smaller nuclei, releasing energy in a process called nuclear fission.Neutron has a mass number of 1 and no atomic number.

NH\(_4\)Cl, I\(_2\), S\(_8\) all undergo sublimation. i.e changes from solid to gaseous substances without first changing to liquid, when heated but CaCO\(_3\) does not.