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Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2012
Waves and Optics
Solution
(a) Explain the term critical angle.
(b) List two factors which determine the deviation of a ray of light by a triangular glass prism.
(c) The angle of refraction (r) of a ray of white light from air through a triangular glass prism of refractive index 1.5 is 29.0^\circ. Calculate the angle through which the ray is least deviated.
(d) Study the ray diagram below and use it to answer the questions that follow.
Calculate the:
(i) values of angles P,Q and R;
(ii) refractive index n of the glass prism;
(iii) value of e;
(iv) total deviation D.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Critical angle is the angle of incidence in the denser medium when the angle of refraction in the less dense medium is 90^\circ.
(b) Deviation of a ray in a triangular prism is determined by the factors:
- Angle of incidence
- Refracting angle of the prism, and
- Refractive index of the prism material.
(c) A = 2r = 2 x 29 = 58\(^o\)
But n = \(\frac{sin \frac{1}{2} (A + Dm)}{sin \frac{1}{2}A} \)
sin \(\frac{1}{2}\)(A + Dm) = n sin A \(\frac{1}{2}\)A
58 + Dm = 93.32 - 58 = 35.32\(^o\)
(d) Angle P = 45^\circ - 20^\circ = 25^\circ
But Angle Q = 180^\circ- 60^\circ = 120^\circ
P +Q + R = 180^\circ
Hence R = 180 - (P + Q) =180 - (25 + 120) = 35^\circ
(ii) n = \(\frac{Sini}{sinP} = \frac{sin45^o}{sin45^o} = 1.673\)
(iii) n = \(\frac{sini}{sine} = \frac{sine}{sinR} = \frac{sinee^o}{sin35^o}\)
= 1.673 = \(\frac{sine}{sin35^o}\)
e = sin\(^{-1}\) (1.673 x sin 35\(^o\)) = 73.7\(^o\)
(iv) D = (i + e) - A = (45 + 73.3) - 60\(^o\)
= 58.3\(^o\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #53229)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
Which of the following types of waves needs a medium for propagation?
A
sound waves
B
light waves
C
radio waves
D
x - rays
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Sound is the only mechanical wave among the rest which are electromagnetic waves.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #14397)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the highest frequency?
A
utra - violet rays
B
radio waves
C
x - rays
D
infrared - rays
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
r - rays has the highest frequency followed by X - rays, ultraviolet ray, visible light intra - red and the least is radio weaves
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #14401)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
In measuring high frequency a.c, the instrument used is the
A
d.c ammeter
B
moving coil ammeter
C
moving iron ammeter
D
hot wire ammeter
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
Hot wire ammeter is used because the heat affect of A C is same as that of DC
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #14462)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
When a red rose flower is observed in blue light, what colour does the observer see?
A
Red
B
Blue
C
Magenta
D
yellow
E
No correct option
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option E
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The colour which an object presents to the eye is the colour of light it reflects. Red rose flower will therefore absorb any other colour and reflect red. Therefore when viewed in blue light, it has no colur to reflect and will therefore appear black. Although mixture of red light and blue light = magenta .
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #14455)
Physics
UTME / JAMB 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
An image in a convex lens is upright and magnified 3 times. If the focal length of the lens is 15 cm, what is the object distance?
A
10 cm
B
25 cm
C
16 cm
D
14 cm
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
m = v/u = -3
v = -3u
f = 15cm
1/v + 1/U = 1/f
1/-3U + 1/u = 1/15
2/3u = 1/15
3U = 15 x 2
U = 30/3
= 10 cm
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #14531)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
Two simple pendulum A and B of equal lengths and of masses 5g and 20g respectively are located in the same environment. The periods TA and TB of their respective oscillations are related by the equations
A
TA = 4TB
B
TA = \(\frac{1}{4} T_B\)
C
TA = TB
D
TA = 5TB
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
The period of a simple pendulum is dependent on the frequency. It is also dependent on the length of the pendulum but not the mass. Since the two pendulums have equal length, then their periods are equal as well.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35436)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
Which of the following statements about the image formed by a plane mirror is not correct?
A
it is laterally inverted
B
it has unit magnifiation
C
it is formed by actual intersection of rays
D
its distance from the mirror is equal to that of the object from the mirror
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option C.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35457)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
The image formed by a convex mirror is always
A
real, erect and diminished
B
real, inverted and diminished
C
virtual, inverted and diminished
D
virtual, erect and diminshed
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option D.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35458)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
A ray undergoes a minimum deviation at 40o when it is incident on equilateral triangular glass prism. Calculate the refractive index of the prism
A
1.48
B
1.50
C
1.53
D
1.67
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
n = \(\frac{\sin \frac{1}{2} (dm + A)}{\sin \frac{1}{2} A}\)
= \(\frac{\sin \frac{1}{2} (40 + 60)}{\sin \frac{1}{2} \times 60}\)
= 1.532
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35461)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
Total internal reflection occurs in an optical prism when light rays
A
travel from the prism into an optically denser medium
B
are incident in the prism at an angle greater than the critical angle
C
are incident normally in the prism
D
travel from the prism to the air
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35470)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
The speed of light in a certain medium is V while its speed in a vacuum is C. The absolute refractive index of the medium is
A
C + V
B
\(\frac{C}{V}\)
C
\(\frac{V}{C}\)
D
C - V
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option B.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35471)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
An object is placed 20.0cm in front of a converging lens of focal length 15.0cm. Calculate its image distance
A
1.3cm
B
8.6cm
C
35.0cm
D
60.0cm
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
\(\frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f} - \frac{1}{U}\)
\(\frac{1}{15} - \frac{1}{20} = 60cm\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35473)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
The focal length of the eye-piece of an astronomical telescope is f1, while the focal length of the object is f2. Fro normal adjustment, the angular magnification is given by
A
\(\frac{f_2}{f_1}\)
B
1 - \(\frac{f_2}{f_1}\)
C
\(\frac{f_2}{f_1}\) - 1
D
\(\frac{f_1}{f_2}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option A.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35476)
Physics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Waves and Optics
Solution
two sound waves have frequencies of 12Hz and 10Hz. Calculate their beats period
A
0.5s
B
1.0s
C
1.2s
D
2.0s
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
\(f_1 - f_2 = \frac{1}{T}\)
12 - 10 = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
= 0.5
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #35478)