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Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2011
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Rationalize \(\frac{2 - \sqrt5}{3 - \sqrt5}\)
A
\(\frac{1 - \sqrt5}{2}\)
B
\(\frac{1 - \sqrt5}{4}\)
C
\(\frac{ \sqrt5 - 1}{2}\)
D
\(\frac{1 + \sqrt5}{4}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
\(\frac{2 - \sqrt5}{3 - \sqrt5}\) x \(\frac{3 + \sqrt5}{3 + \sqrt5}\)
\(\frac{(2 - \sqrt5)(3 + \sqrt5)}{(3 - \sqrt5)(3 + \sqrt5)}\) = \(\frac{6 +2\sqrt5 - 3\sqrt5 - \sqrt25}{9 + 3\sqrt5 - 3\sqrt5 - \sqrt25}\)
= \(\frac{6 - \sqrt5 - 5}{9 - 5}\)
= \(\frac{1 - \sqrt5}{4}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #29353)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Simplify \(\frac{\log \sqrt{27}}{\log \sqrt{81}}\)
A
3
B
2
C
\(\frac{3}{2}\)
D
\(\frac{3}{4}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
\(\frac{\log \sqrt{27}}{\log \sqrt{81}}\) = \(\frac{\log 27\frac{1}{2}}{81\frac{1}{2}}\)
= \(\frac{\log 3\frac{1}{2}}{\log 3^2}\)
\(\frac{\frac{3}{2} \log 3}{2 \log 3} = \frac{3}{2} \div \frac{2}{1}\)
= \(\frac{3}{2} \times \frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\frac{3}{4}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36651)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
If \(\sqrt{72} + \sqrt{32} - 3 \sqrt{18} = x \sqrt{8}\), Find the value of x
A
1
B
\(\frac{3}{4}\)
C
\(\frac{1}{2}\)
D
\(\frac{1}{4}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
\(\sqrt{72} + \sqrt{32} - 3\sqrt{18} = x\sqrt{8}\)
= \(\sqrt{36 \times 2} + \sqrt{16 \times 2} - 3\sqrt{2 \times 9}\)
= x\(\sqrt{2 \times 4}\)
= 6\(\sqrt{2} + 4\sqrt{2} - 9\sqrt{2} = 2 \times \sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2} (6 + 4 - 9) = 2x\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2} = 2x \sqrt{2}\) divide both sides by \(\sqrt{2}\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{ 2x\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
1 = 2x
2x = 1
x = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36677)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
in a quiz competition, a student answers n questions correctly and was given D(n + 50) for each question correctly answered. If he gets D600.00 altogether, how many questions did he answer correctly?
A
18
B
15
C
12
D
10
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option D
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
let the number of question = n
n(n + 50) = 600
n2 + 50n - 600 - 0 by quadratic formular
x = \(\frac{b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2}\)
n = \(\frac{-50 \pm \sqrt{50^2 - 4(1) (-600)}}{2(1)}\)
= \(\frac{-50 \pm \sqrt{4900}}{2}\)
= \(\frac{-50 + 70}{2}\)
= \(\frac{20}{2}\)
= 10
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36690)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
(a) Simplify : \(\frac{\frac{1}{2} of \frac{1}{4} \div \frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{6} - \frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{2}}\).
(b) Given that \(\sqrt{x} = 10^{\bar{1}.6741}\), without using calculators, find the value of x.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
(a) \(\frac{\frac{1}{2} of \frac{1}{4} \div \frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{6} - \frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{2}}\)
Numerator - \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{4} \div \frac{1}{3} = (\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{4}) \div \frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{8} \times 3 = \frac{3}{8}\)
Denominator - \(\frac{1}{6} - \frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{6} - (\frac{3}{4} - \frac{1}{2})\)
\(\frac{1}{6} - (\frac{3 - 2}{4}) = \frac{1}{6} - \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{2 - 3}{12} = \frac{-1}{12}\)
\(\therefore \frac{\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{4} \div \frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{6} - \frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{2}} = \frac{3}{8} \div \frac{-1}{12}\)
\(\frac{3}{8} \times -12 = \frac{-9}{2}\)
= \(-4.5\)
(b) \(\sqrt{x} = 10^{\bar{1}.6741}}\)
Squaring both sides, we have
\(x = (10^{\bar{1}.6741}})^{2}\)
\(x = 10^{\bar{1}.3482}\) (checking antilogarithm)
\(x = 0.2229\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52738)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2011
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
(a) Make q the subject of the relation \(t = \sqrt{\frac{pq}{r} - r^{2}q}\).
(b) If \(9^{(1 - x)} = 27^{y}\) and \(x - y = -1\frac{1}{2}\), find the value of x and y.
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
(a) \(t = \sqrt{\frac{pq}{r} - r^{2}q}\)
Squaring both sides,
\(t^{2} = \frac{pq}{r} - r^{2}q\)
\(t^{2} = \frac{pq - r^{3}q}{r}\)
\(t^{2}r = pq - r^{3}q \implies t^{2}r = q(p - r^{3})\)
\(q = \frac{t^{2}r}{p - r^{3}}\).
(b) \(9^{(1 - x)} = 27^{y}\)
\(\implies 3^{2(1 - x)} = 3^{3y}\)
\(2 - 2x = 3y ..... (1)\)
\(x - y = -1\frac{1}{2} ....... (2)\)
From (2), \(x = -1\frac{1}{2} + y\)
\(\therefore 2 - 2(-1\frac{1}{2} + y) = 3y\)
\(2 + 3 - 2y = 3y \implies 5 = 3y + 2y = 5y\)
\(\implies y = 1\)
\(x = -1\frac{1}{2} + 1 = -\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\therefore x + y = -\frac{1}{2} + 1 = \frac{1}{2}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #52740)
Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
If cot\(\theta\) = \(\frac{8}{15}\), where \(\theta\) is acute, find sin\(\theta\)
A
\(\frac{8}{17}\)
B
\(\frac{15}{17}\)
C
\(\frac{16}{17}\)
D
\(\frac{13}{17}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
cot\(\theta\) = \(\frac{1}{\cos \theta}\)
= \(\frac{8}{15}\)(given)
tan\(\theta\) = \(\frac{15}{8}\)
By Pythagoras' theorem,
x\(^2\) = 15\(^2\) + 8\(^2\)
x\(^2\) = 225 + 64 = 289
x = \(\sqrt{289}\)
= 17
Hence sin\(\theta\) = \(\frac{15}{x}\)
= \(\frac{15}{17}\)
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #29583)
Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Evaluate \(\left(\frac{81}{16}\right)^{\frac{-1}{4}}\times 2^{-1}\)
A
1/3
B
3
C
6
D
1/6
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
\(\left(\frac{81}{16}\right)^{\frac{-1}{4}}\times 2^{-1}\) = \(\frac{1}{\left(\frac{81}{16}\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}}\times \frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\left(\frac{16}{81}\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}\times \frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{4\times \frac{1}{4}}\)
=\(\frac{2}{3}\times \frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\frac{1}{3}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #9569)
Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Rationalize \(\frac{2\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}\)
A
(3 √ 15 +11) / 2
B
3 √ 15 -11
C
(3 √ 15 -11) / 2
D
3 √ 15 +11
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
\(\frac{2\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}}\)
= \((\frac{2\sqrt{3} + \sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5} - \sqrt{3}})(\frac{\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5} + \sqrt{3}})\)
= \(\frac{2\sqrt{15} + 6 + 5 + \sqrt{15}}{5 - 3}\)
= \(\frac{3\sqrt{15} + 11}{2}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #9642)
Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Diagram
Solution
If the area of \DeltaPQR above is 12\(\sqrt{3}\) cm\(^2\), find the value of q?
Attached Figure / Diagram
A
6 cm
B
7 cm
C
8 cm
D
5 cm
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option A
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
Area of a triangle = \(\frac{1}{2}\) ab Sin\theta
12\(\sqrt{3}\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\) x 8 x q sin 60
12\(\sqrt{3}\) = 4 x q x \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
12\(\sqrt{3}\) = 2q\(\sqrt{3}\)
q = \(\frac{12\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{3}}\)
q = 6cm.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #9958)
Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Simplify (\(\frac{3}{4}\) of \(\frac{4}{9}\) \(\div\) 9\(\frac{1}{2}\)) \(\div\) 1\(\frac{5}{19}\)
A
\(\frac{1}{5}\)
B
\(\frac{1}{4}\)
C
\(\frac{1}{36}\)
D
\(\frac{1}{25}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
(\(\frac{3}{4}\) of \(\frac{4}{9}\) \(\div\) 9\(\frac{1}{2}\)) \(\div\) 1\(\frac{5}{19}\)
Applying the rule of BODMAS, we have:
(\(\frac{3}{4}\) x \(\frac{4}{9}\) \(\div\)\(\frac{19}{2}\)) \(\div\)\(\frac{24}{19}\)
(\(\frac{1}{3}\) x \(\frac{2}{19}\)) \(\div\)\(\frac{24}{19}\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\) x \(\frac{2}{19}\) x \(\frac{19}{24}\)
= \(\frac{1}{36}\)
Source: WAEC / JAMB / NECO Classroom Archive (Record #29546)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Given that \(\frac{5^{n +3}}{25^{2n -3}}\) = 5º, find n
A
n = 1
B
n = 2
C
n = 3
D
n = 5
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
\(\frac{5^{n +3}}{25^{2n -3}} = 5^0\)
\(\frac{5^{n + 3}}{5^{2(2n - 3)}} = 5^0\)
n + 3 - 4n + 6 = 0
-3n + 9 = 0
-3n = -9
n = \(\frac{-9}{-3}\)
n = 3
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36529)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Simplify 2\(\sqrt{3}\) - \(\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}} + \frac{3}{\sqrt{27}}\)
A
1
B
\(\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{3}\)
C
2\(\sqrt{3} - 5\frac{2}{3}\)
D
6\(\sqrt{3}\) - 17
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
2\(\sqrt{3}\) - \(\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}} + \frac{3}{\sqrt{27}}\)
= 2\(\sqrt{3} - \frac{6}{\sqrt{3}} + \frac{3}{\sqrt{9 \times 3}}\)
= 2\(\sqrt{3} - \frac{6}{\sqrt{3}} \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}} + \frac{3}{3\sqrt{3}}\)
= 2\(\sqrt{3} = 6 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}\)
= 2\(\sqrt{3} - 2\sqrt{3} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} = \frac{1}{3} \sqrt{3}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36531)
Mathematics
WAEC / WASSCE 2010
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
Given that tan x = 1, where 0o \(\geq\) x 90o, evaluate \(\frac{1 - \sin^2 x}{\cos x}\)
A
2\(\sqrt{2}\)
B
\(\sqrt{2}\)
C
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
D
\(\frac{1}{2}\)
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option C
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
Given tan x = 1
x = tan-1(1)
x = 45o
Now, \(\frac{1 - ( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2} )^2}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}\)
= \(\frac{1 - \frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #36548)
Mathematics
UTME / JAMB 2009
Indices, Logarithms & Surds
Solution
If log\(_{10}\)2 = 0.3010 and log\(_{10}\)7 = 0.8451, evaluate log\(_{10}\)280
A
3.4471
B
2.4471
C
1.4471
D
1.4071
medium Difficulty
Verified Correct Answer: Option B
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
Log 2 = 0.3010, Log 7 = 0.8451
∴Log 280 = Log 28 x 10
= Log 7x4x10
=Log7 + Log4 + Log10
= Log7 + Log2\(^2\) + Log10
= Log7 + 2Log2 + Log10
= 0.8451 + 2(0.3010) + 1
= 0.8451 + 0.6020 + 1
= 2.4471
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #9310)