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The IUPAC nomenclature of the compound above is 2-methylpropan-2-ol.

When a metal reacts with an acid, hydrogen gas and a metal salt are formed. Metal + acid → salt + hydrogen 2Na + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H\(_2\)

1:Identify the components involved in the electrolysis: The electrolysis involves a concentrated sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, a mercury cathode, and a graphite anode. 2: Determine the reactions at the electrodes: At the anode (oxidation), chlorine gas is produced because the potential for chlorine evolution is lower than that of oxygen evolution in a concentrated NaCl solution. The reaction is 2Cl^- → Cl2 + 2e^-. 3: Determine the reaction at the cathode: At the mercury cathode (reduction), sodium is produced and forms an amalgam with mercury because the potential for sodium reduction is lower than that of hydrogen evolution due to the high overpotential of hydrogen on mercury. The reaction is Na^+ + e^- → Na. 4: Identify the products: The products are chlorine gas (Cl2) at the anode and sodium (which forms an amalgam with mercury) at the cathode. This implies Chlorine is produced at the anode and sodium at the cathode. The correct answer is C.

Quantum numbers are a set of numbers that describe the position and energy of an electron in an atom. When the quantum number is equal to 3, the possible values for the azimuthal quantum number are 0, 1, and 2: l=0, The resulting subshell is an "s" subshell. l =1, The resulting subshell is a "p" subshell. l =2: The resulting subshell is a "d" subshell. The three possible sub-shells when n=3 are 3s, 3p, and 3d.

The type of salt that is formed when a strong acid reacts a strong base is a neutral salt which is also a normal salt. This is because the strong acid is completely neutralized by the base that is strong in nature. E.g sodium chloride, NaCl.

CO\(_2\) is made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. The molecule's linear shape is due to the arrangement of its atoms and the absence of lone pairs on the central carbon atom. The molecule's linear shape is also due to the cancellation of the charges of the dipole when the molecule is arranged symmetrically. The two C=O bonds are polar, but the rest of the molecule is nonpolar.

Atomic mutations, or radiation-induced mutations, are changes in DNA that occur when ionizing radiation damages DNA in cells. Radioactive isotope, any of the species of the same chemical element that have different masses and unstable nuclei that emit radiation. Radiation is the release of energy from a source in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves that travel through a medium and are absorbed by matter

Firstly, Ag\(^+\) + e\(^-\) → Ag 1 mole = 1 F = 96,500C x 1 e\(^-\) ⇒ If 96,500C liberates 108g of Ag x will liberate 16g of Ag x = \(\frac{96,500 x 16}{108}\) = 14,296.30 C i.e The quantity of electricity that would liberate 16g of Ag which is also the same quantity that will liberate X of Mg = 14,296.30 C Thus, Mg\(^{2+}\) + 2e\(^-\) → Mg If 2e\(^-\) X 96,500C liberates 24g of Mg 14,296.30C will liberate Xg of Mg By simple proportion, X = \(\frac{14,296.30 x 24}{193,000}\) = 1.78g

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant. It's a common air pollutant that's also known as a deadly household gas.

First, write a balanced equation and ensure the stoichiometry is in order: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H\(_2\)O Following the reaction above, the mole ratio is 1 : 1 Given: Concentration of Acid, C\(_A\) = 0.12moldm\(^{-3}\), Volume of Acid, V\(_A\) = ? Concentration of Base, C\(_B\) = 0.20 moldm\(^{-3}\) Volume of Base, V\(_B\) = 20cm\(^3\) Using the relation, C\(_A\)V\(_A\) = C\(_B\)V\(_B\) V\(_A\) = \(\frac{C_BV_B}{C_A}\) = \(\frac{0.20 \times 20}{0.12}\) = 33.33cm\(^3\)

Fog is a thick cloud of tiny water droplets or ice crystals that forms near the ground, making it difficult to see. Fog is a colloidal solution, which is a mixture where one substance is evenly dispersed in another. In fog, the dispersed phase is liquid, and the dispersion medium is gas. Fog is also known as a liquid aerosol. - Liquid particle dispersed in gas medium is Fog - Gas particles dispersed in liquid is Foam or lather - Solid particles dispersed in gas is smoke - gas particles dispersed in solid is solid sols - Liquid dispersed in liquid is emulsion

Oxide of Sulphur means the compound formed is bonding between Sulphur and Oxygen. Also, if the compound contains 60% Oxygen, then it must contain 40% Sulphur Elements S O %by mass of atoms 40 60 Divide by their masses \(\frac{40}{32}\) \(\frac{60}{16}\) 1.25 3.75 Divide through by smaller value \(\frac{1.25}{1.25}\) \(\frac{3.75}{1.25}\) 1 : 3 Empirical formula SO\(_3\)

J.J. Thomson performed the cathode ray tube (CRT) experiment that led to the discovery of the electron and cathode rays as subatomic particles. Robert Millikan succeeded in precisely determining the magnitude of the electron's charge.Millikan's discovery that electron charge can be quantified led to an accepted value for e\(^-\), which is now a fundamental scientific constant. Ernest Rutherford discovered alpha and beta rays, set forth the laws of radioactive decay, and identified alpha particles as helium nuclei. Bohr's model of the atom describes how electrons orbit a nucleus in defined energy levels. Electrons can move between orbits by absorbing or emitting energy.

Chlorine kills or inactivates harmful microorganisms that can cause illnesses like cholera, hepatitis, typhoid, and giardiasis. It helps in disinfecting the potable water.

When a candle burns in a limited supply of air, it undergoes incomplete combustion, producing carbon (soot) and carbon monoxide (CO) instead of carbon dioxide and water.