Question Library

Saponification is a process that involves the conversion of fat, oil, or lipid, into soap and alcohol by the action of aqueous alkali.

The most important use of hydrogen is the ammonia synthesis or manufacture of ammonia(Haber process). The use of hydrogen is extending quickly in fuel refinement, like the breaking down by hydrogen (hydrocracking), and in sulphur elimination.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE) are polymers that are used for both packaging and electrical insulation. Polyethylene or polyethene (PE) is a popular plastic used for insulating cables, wires, bushings, and transformer components. PE has excellent insulation properties and high dielectric strength. However, Polyethylene is a good choice for packaging because it's non-toxic, food safe, and can be customized into many shapes and sizes. It's also resistant to chemicals, UV light, and moisture, and can be reused while polystyrene is a good choice for electrical insulation because it has low thermal conductivity and prevents the flow of electrical current. Since polystyrene can serve both purposes, it's a better answer compared to polyethene.

When alkali metals react with Hydrochloric acids. hydrogen gas is usually produced. Hence, Sodium belongs to the group of Alkali metals. Na + HCl → NaCl + H\(_2\)

The complete oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid is a stepwise process that involves the following steps: Ethanol is oxidized to ethanal Water adds an oxygen atom to ethanal Ethanoic acid is formed.

Sulphur dioxide reacts with potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid to produce potassium sulphqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqate, chromium(III) sulfate and water and the solution turns from orange to green.

The mass of a proton is 1.6726\times10−24 g, while the mass of a proton = 1.00727 a . m. u. so OPTION A is correct because the mass of an electron is \(\frac{1}{1840}\) of that of a proton, which is the same as say the mass of a proton is 1840 times the mass of an electron.

Though all the salts in the options are chloride salts but the focus should be on the Metals that formed the chlorides. In terms of reactivity, Group I metals(Li) are the most reactive, followed by Group II(Mg and Ca) and then group III (Al). Therefore, AlCl\(_3\) would exhibit the least ionic character, as the ionic bond formed is not as strong as those found in other options. Also, most importantly, according to Fajan's Rule, the greater the charge on the cation, the greater will be the covalent character in the bond. Since, LiCl has low charge on cation(Li+), it has the most ionic character, while AlCl\(_3\) has a very high charge on Cation Al\(^{3+}\), it will exhibit the least ionic character.

According to Charle's law, \(\frac{V_1}{T_1}\) =\(\frac{V_2}{T_2}\) T\(_1\) = 3+273 = 276K and T\(_2\) = 18 + 273 = 291K ∴ \(\frac{92}{276}\) = \(\frac{V_2}{291}\) V\(_2\) = \(\frac{92}{291}\) X 276 = 97.0\(cm^3\)

Carbon(IV) oxide is returned to the atmosphere through various processes including combustion( Burning fossil fuels, wood, or gasoline releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere), respiration (All living organisms, including plants and animals, release carbon dioxide when they breathe. This process is also known as cellular respiration), and decay(when organisms die, the process of decomposition breaks down complex carbon compounds into simpler ones. This process releases CO\(_2\) into the atmosphere). Conversely,Photosynthesis is a process that removes CO\(_2\) from the atmosphere and uses it to create carbohydrates and oxygen.

Two postulates of Dalton's atomic theory that are still considered correct today are: Atoms of different elements have different masses and properties: This is considered the most fundamental and important postulate. Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction: This postulate reflects the Law of Conservation of Mass. Atom of an element cannot be created, divided, destroyed, or split into smaller particles or transformed into atoms of other elements or transformed into other atoms in a chemical reaction. They are simply rearrangement of new compound. Dalton’s atomic theory based this hypothesis on the law of conservation of mass and on centuries of experimental evidence.

146C → X + \beta → X + 0-1e → 147X

Parameters given: Number of moles of Cyclopropane, N\(_c\) = 0.75 mole Number of moles of Oxygen, N\(_o\) = 0.66 mole Total pressure of mixture of gases, P\(_T\) = 0.70 atm Partial pressure of Oxygen in the mixture, P\(_O\) = ? Using the formula, P\(_O\) = \(\frac{N_o}{{N_o} + {N_c}}\) X P\(_T\) = \(\frac{0.66}{{0.66} + {0.75}}\) X 0.70 = \(\frac{0.66}{1.41}\) X 0.70 = 0.3276 = 0.33 atm

A secondary alcohol is an organic compound where a hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

The decomposition of KClO\(_3\) in the presence of MnO\(_2\) catalyst changes solid to gas, which is a sublimation process, as Oxygen gas is produced. MnO\(_2\) 2KClO\(_3\) → 2KCl + 3O\(_2\) Decreasing the pressure on a solid causes it to turn into a gas through a process called sublimation. Thus, the effect of pressure on solid is negligible. Consequently, from the curve given in the question, it means pressure is constant as the decomposition reaction proceeds to completion.Therefore, the curve is represented by R.