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PTC(phenylthiocarbamide) has the unusual property that it either tastes very bitter or is virtually tasteless, depending on the genetic makeup of the taster. The ability to taste PTC is often treated as a dominant genetic trait, although inheritance and expression of this trait are somewhat more complex. To some people, small amounts of the compounds phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) taste very bitter; other people do not taste these compounds. The myth is that there are only two kinds of people, tasters and non-tasters, and that the trait is controlled by a single gene, with the allele for tasting dominant over the allele for non-tasting. ∴ ability to taste PTC in some individuals is a character that is heritable

The clumping of cells such as bacteria or red blood cells in the presence of an antibody or complement. During blood transfusions, the antibodies react with the transfused blood group(if its of different blood group), the erythrocytes clump up and stick together causing them to agglutinate

Chloroplast is the combination of two biological terms, plastid (an organelle in a plant cell), and chloros, which means green. chlorophyll which is an important pigments for photosynthesis. A ribosome is a complex cellular mechanism used to translate genetic code into chains of amino acids. Long chains of amino acids fold and function as proteins . The jellylike material that makes up much of a cell inside the cell membrane, and, in eukaryotic cells, surrounds the nucleus. Mitochondrial is a spherical or elongated organelle in the cytoplasm of nearly all eukaryotic cells, containing genetic material and many enzymes important for cell metabolism, including those responsible for the conversion of food to usable energy

Bacteria is a disease- causing organism, hence all other options hold true except this one.

In unicellular organisms, the single cell performs all life functions. Examples are Amoeba, Euglena Life can be organised into several different levels of function and complexity. These functional levels are: cells, tissues, organs, systems and organisms. Every living thing is made up of a cell or a number of cells.

The appendicular skeleton is the portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages. The appendicular skeleton includes the skeletal elements within the limbs, as well as supporting pectoral and pelvic girdles Pectoral girdles, arms and forearms, pelvis, thighs and legs, feet and ankles

Protists are single celled organisms that contain chloroplasts to aid photosynthesis. Algae → Protozoa → Small Insects → Large aquatic Insects → Small fish → Large fish

Variation, in biology, any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any species caused either by genetic differences (genotypic variation) or by the effect of environmental factors on the expression of the genetic potentials (phenotypic variation). Variation may be shown in physical appearance, metabolism, fertility, mode of reproduction, behaviour, learning and mental ability, and other obvious or measurable characters.

No expanded working has been attached for this question yet. The verified answer is Option A.

Human fertilization is the union of a human egg and sperm, usually occurring in the ampulla of the fallopian tube. The result of this union is the production of a zygote cell, or fertilized egg, initiating prenatal development.

Its long been recognized that birds and reptiles share many characteristics: Both have skulls that abut the first neck vertebra with a single ball-and-socket joint. Both birds and reptiles excrete nitrogenous wastes as uric acid; mammals excrete urea, fish ammonia. Both lay similar highly yolked eggs Bird feather is homologous to the reptile scale. Both develop from an epidermal elevation over a nourishing dermal core. Scales flatten, feather buds roll into a cylinder shaped tube

Lungfish are best known for retaining the ability to breathe air, to survive drought

Although sodium ions are small, their charge prevents them from moving across the cell membrane through simple diffusion. They must be transported using active transport.

Amphibians display some interesting and changing characteristics as they metamorphose through various forms on their way to adulthood. The frog, for instance, begins life underwater as a larva with gills and becomes and air-breather with lungs as an adult. &therefore4; in case of draught, frog can amphibians can use lungs to breathe on land

A red blood cell(erthyrocytes), which (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc without a nucleus. Erythrocytes contain the pigment haemoglobin, which imparts the red colour to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.