Question Library

Xanthopreitic test for the presence of protein, when conc nitric acid is added to the drop, an intense yellow colouration is observed. It contains all the functional group of protein which includes the amino, alkanol and the carboxylic group. Adding few drops of conc HNO3 to a protein, gives an intense yellow colouration. It is called Xanthopreitic test.

PH = - Log[ H+ ] PH + POH =14 POH = 14 - 3.8 POH = 10.2 POH = - Log[ OH- ] 10.2 = - Log[ OH- ] 10-10.2 = [ OH- ] [ OH- ] = 6.3 x 10-11

C2H5OH → CH3CHO → CH3COOH Ethanol.....oxidation Ethanal........Ethanoic Acid Primary alcohol oxidises to aldehyde and later to carboxylic acid. Secondary alcohol oxidises to ketones. Ethanol is an example of primary alcohol and primary alcohol can be oxidised to aldehyde and carboxylic acid. Wherein, incomplete oxidation of primary alcohol yields aldehyde also known as alkanal while complete oxidation of primary alcohol yields carboxylic acid.

This is a solution formed from the hydrolyses of an alkali in water.

m = \(\frac{Mm \times Q}{96500n }\) where Q = IT M = Mm × \(\frac{Q}{96500n}\) where m = mass Mm = Molar mass Q = Quantity of electricity n = number of change= +1 \(\frac{M}{Mm}\) = mole = \(\frac{mass}{Molarmass}\) \(\frac{M}{Mm}\) = \(\frac{Q}{96500n}\) = \(\frac{9650}{96500n}\) × 1 = \(\frac{1}{10}\) = 0.1mol

Alkanes undergoes substitution reaction and it is an example of halogenation substitution reaction. Reaction of halogen with alkane in the presence of sunlight (ultraviolet) is termed halogenation. Halogenation is an example of substitution reaction. In addition, alkanes only undergo substitution reaction but not addition reaction.

Starch is hydrolyzed by dilute acids to yield a mixture of dextrin (a shorter chain intermediate product), disaccharides (mainly maltose) and glucose. Further hydrolysis will eventually give glucose. Hydrolysis of starch to dextrin and maltose can also be brought about by the enzyme amylase present in saliva and in malt.

Alkyl group has the general formula CnH2n + 1. This formed when one hydrogen is removed from the alkane family. It has the general formula CnH2n + 1

Iron [Fe] reacts with H2 in the presence of oxygen to form a rust. 4Fe + 3O2 → 2 Fe2O2 Fe2O3 + H2O → Fe2O3.H2O

The rate of dimension of a gas inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular mass or its density, which is Graham's Law of diffusion of gas. R ∝ \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{Mm}}\) or R ∝ \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{D}}\) Dx = 0.5gdm-3, Dy = 2gdm-3 R= \(\frac{K}{\sqrt{D}}\) R\(\sqrt{D}\) = k R1\(\sqrt{D_1}\) = R1\(\sqrt{D_2}\) Rx\(\sqrt{D_x}\) = Ry\(\sqrt{D_y}\) \(\frac{R_x}{R_y}\) = \(\frac{\sqrt{D_y}}{\sqrt{D_x}}\) = \(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{0.5}}\) = 2.0

Alkane's family are sp3 hybridized

Where −273°c = OK i.e −273°c + 273 = OK At zero kelvin, the volume of a gas becomes zero.

Molecular mass = vapour density X2 Mm of XO2 = x + 16(2) = x + 32 vapour density = 32 ∴ x + 32 = 32 × 2 x + 32 = 64 x = 64 - 32 x = 32 ∴ the relative molecular mass of X is 32 Relative molecular mass = vapour density × 2

Upward delivery works well for hydrogen and ammonia, which are both less densed than air. Sometimes, they are collected over water.

Bubbling of air through the acid solution removes deposited oxides of nitrogen. Nitric acid is prepared in the laboratory by heating a nitrate salt with the concentrated acid. NaNO3 + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HNO3 Vapours of nitric acid are condensed to a brown liquid in a receiver cooled under cold water. "Dissolved oxides of nitrogen" e.g NO2 are removed by redistillation or blowing a current of carbondioxide or dry air through the warm acid