The statement above is a conditional statement. A conditional statement consists of two clauses with a fixed sequence of tenses. There are three types of conditional sentences: Type 1: This type indicates cause and effect, i.e. something will happen under a certain condition: e.g. "If I have the time, I will travel to Asia." (The first clause is in the present tense, while the second is in the future tense). Type 2: This type presents a possible result that we imagine could take place but it is not likely that they will: "If I had the time, I would travel to Asia." (The first clause is in the past tense, while the second is in the conditional form). Type 3: This is used for something in the past which was not fulfilled and will never be fulfilled in the future. "If I had had the time, I would have travelled to Asia" (The first clause is in the past perfect tense, while the second is in the perfect conditional tense). This means that for the sentence: "..... he would have been convicted", a clause with a past perfect tense is necessary: "If he had done this, he would have been convicted."