(a) You are provided a retort stand, a spring balance, masses, a beaker containing water, another beaker containing a liquid labelled, L, and other necessary apparatus.
(i) Suspend the mass, m = 20 g on the spring balance and measure the weight in air, W\(_A\) in Newton.
(ii) Immerse the suspended mass completely in water and measure weight in water, W\(_W\) in Newton. Evaluate U\(_1\) = W\(_A\) - W\(_W\).
(iii) Immerse the suspended mass completely in the liquid L of the same volume with water and measure the weight in liquid W\(_L\). Evaluate U\(_2\) = W\(_A\) - W\(_L\).
(iv) Repeat the procedure for m = 40g, 60g, 80g, and 100g respectively. In each case, evaluate \(W_A\), W\(_W\), U\(_1\), W\(_L\), U\(_2\).
(v) Tabulate the readings.
(vi) Plot a graph of U\(_1\) on the vertical axis and U\(_2\) on the horizontal axis starting both axes from the origin (0, 0).
(vii) Determine the slope s of the graph
(viii) Evaluate K = \(\frac{1}{\text{s}}\)
(ix) State two precautions taken to ensure accurate results.
b(i) State the Archimedes' principle,
(ii) State two differences between density and relative density
Attached Figure / Diagram
Verified Correct Answer: .
Physical Principles & Numerical Solution
(v)
M(g)
W\(_A\)(N)
W\(_W\)(N)
U\(_1\) = W\(_A\) - W\(_W\).
W\(_L\)(N)
U\(_2\) = W\(_A\) - W\(_L\)
20.0
0.20
0.16
0.04
0.18
0.02
40.0
0.40
0.33
0.07
0.36
0.04
60.0
0.60
0.49
0.11
0.54
0.06
80.0
0.80
0.66
0.14
0.72
0.08
100.0
1.00
0.82
0.18
0.90
0.10
(vi) SEE THE GRAPH ABOVE
(vii) s = \(\frac{\Delta U_1}{\Delta U_1}\) = \(\frac{0.162 - 0.2}{0.09 - 0.067}\) = \(\frac{0.042}{0.023}\) = 1.826
(viii) K = \(\frac{1}{\text{s}}\) = \(\frac{1}{1.826}\) = 0.5476
(ix)(I) I avoided errors due to parallax when reading the spring balance. (II) I cleared the mass thoroughly before immersing it in liquid L
b(i) Archimedes's principle states that when a body is completely or partially immersed in a fluid, it experiences an upthrust which is equal to the weight of fluid displaced.
(ii) Density has a unit whereas relative density has none. (II) The value of density is different in different systems of measurement, whereas relative density is the same in all systems of measurement.
Source: Myschool Past Questions Archive (Record #72107)